LoginReviews wind research prior to 1958, which was based on the simple concept of a smooth air flow resulting in static design loads for most structures. States that research for the past ten years has benefited from three innovations.
Bibliographic database Airbase
AIRBASE is the Bibliographic Database of the AIVC. It contains publications and abstracts of articles related to energy efficient ventilation. Where possible, sufficient detail is supplied in the bibliographic details for users to trace and order the material via their own libraries. Topics include: ventilation strategies, design and retrofit methods, calculation techniques, standards and regulations, measurement methods, indoor air quality and energy implications etc. Entries are based on articles and reports published in journals, internal publications and research reports, produced both by university departments and by building research institutions throughout the world. AIRBASE has grown and evolved over many years (1979 to present day, over 22000 references and 16000 documents available online). For most of the references, the full document is also available online.
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Give method for collecting and analysing sulphur hexafluoride used as a tracer gas.
States that current methods of estimating heat demand of buildings are very inaccurate, and so large safety margins are used which usually result in overestimating the necessary heating plant capacity.
Describes main features of full-scale wind load tests made on Royex House, an 18-storey office block in London. Wind tunnel tests were made on a model of the building and the results compared.
Gives short state-of-the-art review of knowledge of wind turbulence. Mentions results from field investigations. Summarizes available knowledge. An appendix discusses hot-wire anemometry. Gives bibliography of subject.
Discusses the nature of stack effect, the distribution of air pressures across a building enclosure and its interior separations that stack action causes, and some of the implications of the resulting air flow patterns.
Discusses ways of modifying distribution of stack effect through building by design and construction.
Describes use of a radioactive tracer for measuring ventilation rates. Finds krypton 85 is the most suitable gas although xenon 133 and argon 41 have been used. Mentions various studies using radioactive tracers made in both France and England.
Reports study of the natural ventilation in elementary tall office buildings has been made using the analogy between the flow of air through a building and the passage of an electric current through a circuit of resistances.
Presents the air leakage characteristics obtained from measurements of nine brick and concrete block walls in the DBR/NRC huts at Ottawa and Saskatoon.
Although there has been an increasing use of wind-tunnel tests on models to examine the structure of wind around buildings, there has been surprisingly little research into the correlation between the results of such studies andthe wind pattern ar
Analyses wind pressure records, taken during 5 different windstorms on 2 levels in a 400ft (122m) high office building in downtown Montreal March 1964 pressure fluctuations on an actual building.
For simplicity's sake the determination method outlined in previous issues of this article did not include the air infiltration through cracks.
Assuming higher than probable cd values for crack length openings on calculation of infiltration rates results in excessive allowances for heating and cooling capacity.
Discusses control from outdoors and gives a formula for the heat required to maintain indoor design temperatures. Outlines the twofold effect of wind, i.e.
After discussing briefly the principles of natural ventilation, goes on to describe tracer gas techniques, air movement measurements, and various model techniques including analogues.
Describes tests of air leakage performed on both prime windows and storm windows, separately and in tandem at wind velocities of up to 30.m.p.h. All types of windows were tested and upper and lower ranges for infiltration found.
States that to calculate the ventilation characteristics of a building it is necessary to know the shape, planning and dimensions of the building, air leakage characteristics of all elements of the building, aerodynamic coefficients, wind velocity
States heat load on buildings due to wind is dependent on the shape of building, wind direction and wind speed. Gives theoretical calculation for the heat loss due to wind based ongerman standard DIN 4701.
Describes three test high-rise buildings and the pressure measurements made on buildings.