This is a short guide to the choice of a type of window, considering its position and exposure to wind. Defines exposure grades for windows. Gives recommendations for choice of windows considering air permeability, water tightness and wind resistance. The catagories of windows are as defined in standard N F P 20 302.
Describes method for measuring the direction and volume of air flows in a building with several rooms. The method uses carbon dioxide as a tracer gas produced from dry ice in each room. Over a period of 2-3 hours the concentration of gas in each room is measured every ten minutes. Gives equations for calculating air flows between rooms and some results of tests made on a flat.
Reports experimental investigation of moisture content of bathroom air during and after a shower. Describes test apparatus and procedure. Gives graphs of dry and wet bulb temperature, relative humidity and absolute humidity for various mechanical ventilation rates as functions of time. Gives results of measurements of tracer-gas decay rates for various mechanical ventilation rates. Presents theoretical model for calculations of moisture content in air in bathrooms and finds excellent agreement with experimental data.
Describes test apparatus and method of testing windows for air leakage. This standard has been adopted by the following countries :- Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, Switzerland and United Kingdom. It is available in English, French or German.
Discusses ways of modifying distribution of stack effect through building by design and construction. Suggests many of the problems caused by stack effect could be alleviated byincreasing air tightness of building enclosure and interior separations. Discusses influence of mechanical ventilation systems on stack effect. Shows that pressurization does not eliminate stack effect but alters distribution of pressure differences.
Briefly reviews ways of ventilating buildings. Discusses control of oxygen and carbon dioxide levels and control of odours and airborne particles. Concludes ventilation is an essential element in the design of a building and its services.
Discusses the use of a tracer to measure the dispersal of air pollutants. Suggest use of Freon-12 or sulphur hexafluoride as tracer. Describes release of tracer, collection of samples in bottles, concentration of sample and analysis in gas chromatograph. Gives results of field trial and concludes that test method is very promising for studying local air movements.
Outlines projects at the Division of Building Research to carry out extensive field observations and studies of loads particularly snow loads on roofs and wind pressures and suctions on walls of high-rise buildings. Describes major features of this work including observation methods and some of the results.
Reports an indoor/outdoor sampling program for NO, NO2 and CO in four private houses which had gas stoves. Pollutant gases were measured essentially simultaneously at three indoor locations and one outdoor location. Shows that indoor levels of NO and NO2are directly related to stove use. In some instances levels of NO2 and CO in the kitchen exceeded the air quality standards for these pollutants if data for the sampling periods were typicalof an entire year.
Describes method of estimating ventilation rate using organic vapours as tracer gases and ultra-violet absorption to measure concentration. Gives table of absorption of different vapours. Suggests estimation using a test paper. This method is less precise but requires a minimum of apparatus.
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