The International Space Station (ISS) is the biggest multinational space program ever with 16 countries involved. Since November 2000 the station is permanently occupied with a crew of 3 astronauts. Till 2006 the station will be further assembled and the crew will be increased to 7 astronauts. To maintain a comfortable and safe environment under micro gravity conditions in a completely sealed space habitat advanced ventilation technology had to be developed to maintain air temperature, air humidity and air velocity as well as contaminant concentrations well below required levels.
Investigates the ventilation efficiency of different ventilation patterns arranged by two inlet and two outlet diffusers at different locations. First performs a numerical simulation, then a laboratory test in a full scale test chamber to validate the results. A concentration decay of carbon dioxide was used to calculate the ventilation efficiency and air change rate for the test chamber. States that the location of diffuser rather than air change rate might dominate the distribution of supply/exhaust air in the study.
Carbon dioxide (CO)-based demand controlled ventilation (DCV) is increasingly used to modulate outside air ventilation based on real-time occupancy. Its use could potentially become as common as thermostatic control is today. This article summarizes the current state of the art in CO 2 -based ventilation control including a brief discussion of the technology used, its reliability and how it is best applied. Like any control approach, the success of a C02-based DCV application is dependent on how it is engineered and installed.
The book discusses issues raised by the "experience effect", such as price-cost cycles, competition for learning opportunities in the market, risk of "technology lockout" and the effects of research, development and deployment policies on technology learning. Case studies illustrate how experience curves can be used to set policy targets and to design policy measures that will encourage both investment in and use of environment-friendly energy technologies. Low-cost paths to stabilising CO2 emissions are explored.
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