On the Air Flow in Urban Canyons for Ventilation Purposes

The work described in this paper formed part of the European UrbVent project on urban ventilation.Measurements of wind speed, wind direction, and air temperature were made at four different heights, inside a pedestrian street canyon in the centre of Athens, Greece, and at the top of the canyon. In addition, infrared radiation on the canyon faades was measured. Experimental data were collected at intervals of 30 seconds. The dimensions of the canyon were: height/width=2.3, length/height=50/23=2.2 with an orientation of 12 degrees from North.

A Wind Tunnel Full-Scale Building Model Comparison between Experimental and CFD Results based on the Standard k-e Turbulence Representation

To evaluate the property of cross ventilation quantitatively, it is important that the calculated air flow field is compared with measurement. In this paper, the air flow field in the wind tunnel of the Building Research Institute of Japan (BRI) was calculated by CFD analysis using the standard k- e model, and the adequacy of the calculation was examined by comparison with measured values.

An Experimental Investigation of the Indoor Air Quality in Fifteen School Buildings in Athens

The present paper aims at investigating the indoor air quality in fifteen school buildings located in the greater Athens area. Experimental investigations were performed in fifteen different school classrooms and the concentration levels of various pollutants such as CO2, CO, TVOC, HCHO, and radon, were measured. Moreover, the experimental investigation included measurements of several environmental parameters such as temperature, relative humidity and air velocity inside each classroom, while ventilation was examined by estimating the air changes using the tracer gas technique.

Karst geology, radon fluctuations, and implications for measurement and mitigation

Results of an investigation into factors contributing to elevated indoor radon concentrations insupposedly mitigated homes suggest that, in areas of extensive karst geological development,fluctuations in indoor radon concentrations may be extraordinary in magnitude, duration and seasonaloccurrence.

THE USE OF A THERMAL DUAL - PROBE FOR THE MOISTURE MEASUREMENT OF BUILDING FABRICS: THE TESTING OF THE TECHNIQUE VIA COMPARISONS WITH MEASUREMENTS FROM AN X-RAY SYSTEM

The measurement of moisture in building fabrics has been of interest for many years due to thepotentially devastating consequences of moisture problems within buildings. A range of potentialtechniques are available with which to measure the moisture content of building fabrics in-situ and thispaper focuses on one particular technique, the thermal dual-probe. Note that this method is distinctfrom the single probe technique. Essentially, a short pulse of electrical energy is applied to a wirewithin the heating needle.

PROPOSAL OF JAPANESE STANDARD OF THE MEASURING METHOD OF AIRFLOW RATES OF BUILDING EQUIPMENTS

The measuring method of airflow rates of building equipments is important and is required in manystandards, codes, etc. and the committee of the ventilation planning in the building of SHASE (Societyof Heating, Air-conditioning and Sanitary Engineering), Japan is about to propose the standard for TheMeasuring Method of Airflow Rates of Building Equipments. It is aimed to ensure the quality of indoorenvironment and the performance of HVAC system under the situation that the existing methods are inthe variety but less information for the choosing and its feasibility is available.

MEASUREMENT AND CFD ANALYSIS OF UNSTEADY THERMAL ENVIRONMENT IN GYMNASIUM ADOPTED DISPLACEMENT AIR CONDITION SYSTEM

It is necessary to unsteadily accurately estimate handling and time-related spatial distribution of theindoor environment element in respect of externality meteorological phenomenon and time-varyingmovement of the heating and cooling load in order to carry out the thermal environment design in detail.With the speedup of the recent computer, the unsteady CFD calculation was practically carried out andresults fed back to the environmental design.However, time subtraction interval and convergence decision are appropriately set at the case of theunsteady analysis, and it is necessary to examine

Development of the HVAC Control System by the Concurrent Simulation

The idea proposed in this paper is to control the HVAC equipment with predicting the heating/cooling loads and indoor conditions by computational simulation according to the target, such as energy consumption, energy cost, CO2 generation and indoor thermal comfort. The simulation inputs is given by the measurement results, e.g. weather conditions, indoor temperature and humidity on the spot. The developed system controls HVAC system by using the real-time simulation, and investigates the performance of this system.

Effectiveness of Purging in an Air-Conditioned Office Building in Singapore

This paper investigates the effectiveness of a Purging System in a high-rise office building in Singapore with the aim of improving indoor air quality. The study initially adopts a continuous monitoring concept to investigate the impact of a daily purging operation on pollutant concentration levels at the low, middle and high floors of the office building. Pollutants investigated include formaldehyde, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC).

Induced ventilation of a one-story real-size building

In that study, induced ventilation is experimentally explored in a small well-insulated manufactured home, located in the northern edge of the Negev desert in Israel. Temperature monitoring was performed inside and outside the building in summer along with velocity measurements inside the building. The results show that with induced ventilation the air temperature inside the home is like the ambient temperature, whereas, when no openings, the temperature inside the manufactured home is higher than the ambient.

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