joint

Measurements have been made of the air-leakage rates through structural components of conventional metal-panel and concrete buildings which may serve as containment for nuclear reactors. The component measurements included structural penetrations such as doors and louvers as well as materials such as caulking compounds, gaskets, and paints. Specimens were sealed inside of test vessels.

Describes the current research programme of the Laboratory concerning air infiltration and ventilation. Gives some technical details. The programme consists of three main projects: 1) The development of mathematical calculation models to predict the interconnections between air tightness, ventilation, air change rates, pressure conditions and energy consumption. This model will be tested in practice. 2) The development of airtight structures and structural joints and sealing methods. Evaluation of theeconomical effects of airtightness is also included in this project.

Gives comprehensive and detailed instructions for the design and construction of airtight buildings. Discusses the problems involved in building an airtight house. Gives details of materials and methods for sealing joints, installing a vapour barrier and adding thermal insulation. Notes the difficulties in making penetrations for services, such as for electricity, water, space heating and ventilation, airtight. Describes three projects - at Taby, Umea and Akersberga - where test houses were constructed and gives details of their construction.

Air leakage through the junction between wall and roof of a building can cause damage from excess dampness. Discusses in detail the problem of constructing atight wall/roof junction for different forms of roof construction. describes installation of roof membrane and vapour barrier.< Also describes problem of air infiltration through uninsulated soffits. Outlines various solutions.

Describes a probe, developed to measure air flow which can be used to find the leakage profile of a window. Discusses measurement principle, accuracy of measurement and experimental method. Suggest use of the probe for locating leakage points andgiving quantitative data of the amount of leakage. A possible use is for testing windows that are already installed in buildings

States reasons for sealing joints:to increase sound insulation, protect from water penetration and to control air infiltration. Identifies three main types of joints, structural joints, joints between casement and wall and between glass and frame. Discusses for each type methods of caulking.

Outlines the characteristics and physical properties of driving rain. Discusses natural wind and its strength, spectrum and velocity. Describes methods for the measurement of wind loads and of driving rain on buildings. Discusses methods of measuring the resistance of walls to driving rain and notes some limitations. Describes the protection of walls and joints from rain and discusses the formation of one-stage and two-stage joints.

Gives standard test method for air leakage of joints between components used in the exterior walls of buildings. Outlines basic apparatus and test method. Resistance to air penetration shall be recorded expressed as cubic metres of air per hour.

Reports natural exposure test on vertical joints in open-jointed rain screen cladding. Describes test rig and gives results of water penetration tests. Gives design recommendations for screens.

Discusses some problems of providing weathertight joints between window and wall. Mentions sealing failures, condensation, frame defects and poor dpc detailing as important reasons for water penetration around windows. Refers to some principles of weather protection. Makes recommendations for the design of window-to-wall joints.