New ways with weatherproof joints.

Reports tests using a natural exposure rig on a number of designs of horizontal and vertical joints employing labyrinths to separate the air and water entering the joint. Results obtained under a limited range of conditions show that it is possible, with suitable designs, to prevent penetration of water without necessarily making a joint airtight. Puts forward a number of potential applications, including a prototype window.

Ventilation and the draught-proofing of windows in old blocks of flats.

Presents results of measurements of ventilation rate and window air leakage made in blocks of flats in Sweden. Describes measurement of ventilation rate using nitrous oxide as a tracer gas and pressurization tests on windows. Gives graphical results of tests. Finds that the majority of windows do not satisfy 1975swedish building code. Reports measurements of air leakage of windows before and after renewal of draught excluders. Concludes that old windows can be made relatively draught-free and that this is not expensive or time consuming.

Jointing system for outer walls. Fogtatningssystem for yttervaggar

The building industry has always had considerable difficulty with joints in outer walls, at windows, doors and between building units. Damage caused by damp has meant considerable economic losses. New building methods and materials and stronger requirements in the indoor climate have accentuated the problem. Discusses use of fibreglass strips as a sealing agent. These can accommodate large movements in the joints, but the hermetic sealing properties are insufficient if there is a heavy damp load on the joint. Glass combined with plastic sheet can increase the hermetic sealing.

Methods for conducting small-scale pressurization tests, and air leakage data of multi-storey apartment buildings

The overall air leakage of high-rise buildings cannot be measured using a full pressure method because of the large volume involved. Describes a method of conducting small-scale pressurization tests on the exterior walls of apartments in multi-storey buildings. Gives results of measurements in a test building. compares direct method with values obtained by summing the air leakage of individual components. Finds good agreement. Concludes that floor/wall joints, windows and window sills are the three major air leakage sources in exterior walls.

Natural ventilation. Ofrivillig ventilation.

Reports investigation of airtightness of two types of industrial wall when subjected to a differential pressure across the wall construction. Laboratory tests were performed on wall units, overlap joints in vapour barriers of plastic sheet,on steel stud wall with metal sheeting and joints in the light- weight concrete element wall being studied. Shows that methods of construction employed so far can be retained if modifications are made concerning junctions and the sealing of joints. In sheet metal walls, the contact pressure onto the plastic foil must be guaranteed.

Windproofing in multi-layer walls. Vindtathet hos flerskiktsvaggar

Reports the study of joints for a special type of multi-layer wall which has a windproofing layer of asbestos cement cellulose fibre with timber studding. Describes the construction of these walls. In many cases disturbances in the form of draughts, cold wall surfaces and rain water penetration have occurred. Leakage usually occurred at the joint connecting the walls with the structural fabric. Describes laboratory tests which have consisted of measurement of air leakage in joints and joint details.

Rain and air leakage at joints

Known principles for the prevention of rain penetration and air leakage are not being applied in practice. States that rain penetration requires the simultaneous presence of water, openings and a force ; the two-stage weathertightening or "open rain screen" separates the control of these factors and allows the production of a weathertight joint under practical conditions. Outlines the causes of air infiltration and gives brief case histories to illustrate the serious problems that can arise from air leakage.

Air leakage through joints Luftlackage genom fogar.

Reports tests of air leakage made in the joints in a hospital building in gothenberg using a special pressure chamber. Describes test method and gives the values from five readings ina table. The required standard was that "the maximum leakage of air would be 300 litres per m run joint per hour at a pressure differential of 10mm of water". Tests showed that the required standard was met and perhaps that the amount of attention given by contractors and owners to joint problems has increased.

Air leakage tests on synthetic rubber strips. Funktionsprovning av tatningslist

Studies effect of joints between building components on air tightness of buildings, and the factors which influence the air leakage through a joint. As a pilot test, the air leakage for different widths of joints between building components in timber has been studied by varying the pressure between 150 to +/- 700 pa. Describes main apparatus and gives results of the investigation on the leakage of air pressure in various types of joints.

Infiltration resistance to rain and wind of light metal facades Water-en winddichtheid van lichtmetalen gevels.

Reviews means of rain water penetration and how to apply one-stage weather proofing listing the disadvantages. Reviews research results obtained with two-stage weather proofing by adding an additional seal and summarises the pressure variations resulting from wind plus the design of horizontal and vertical joints between individual facade segments. Discusses the practical design of joint and sealant illustrating this for a few window types and adds that this design is also applicable for a complete curtain wall.

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