The article discusses the design of the system with heat recovery to be used for the ventilation/air conditioning of a swimming pool building, in which air reaches high temperatures and humidities. The systems described and analysed use heat recovery through air to air heat exchanger or heat recovery through heat exchanger and heat pump.
Using a newly developed simulation model for electricpowered compression heat pumps, ventilation modules with an integrated exhaust air heat pump for supplying heat for passive solar houses are studied. New units are tested in the conception and design phase. Different designs can be compared before readings are taken from the first prototype. The capacity of the method is tested and the simulation model is validated on the example of a simulated integrated ventilation and heat supply unit for passive solar houses that is intensively measured.
This paper shows that well proved state-of-the-art technology can be utilized to keep annual average energy consumption in office buildings below 130 kWh/m2, which is well below today's average, without compromising any major functional or architectural concepts of modern design. The Norwegian building regulations, which were revised in 1997, demand calculation of energy consumption for new buildings. However, the minimum requirements to energy consumption can even be satisfied with a modest degree of insulation or high internal loads.
The new perspective technology in building heat supply and climatisation, are given in this paper. The main energy-saving solutions are following: architectural and layout design taking into account the influence of solar radiation and wind direction; high thermal insulation of building envelope and glazing; mechanical supply-and-exhaust ventilation systems for each flat; Ground heat and exhaust air heat recovery for hot water supply; doublepipe heating system for each flat, horizontal, equipped with flat heat meters and thermostatic valves installed at each room heater.
This paper presents the configuration and some experimental performance data for an improved, custom designed heat recovery & air conditioning retrofitting system, developed for a hospital located in a Canadian cold-climate environment. The two-stage heat recovery system includes a conventional glycol heat exchanger and a prototype of a reversible air-to-air heat pump between the exhaust and the fresh air streams.
The article describes the advantages of heating designed as a system. It shows (among others) the features of balanced ventilation systems with heat recovery and compact ventilation appliances (heat recovery from ventilation exhaust air through a heat exchanger and a heat pump, to provide warm fresh air and domestic hot water).
Compact ventilation appliances appeared on the market for solar passive houses. They include a heat pump to transfer heat from ventilation exhaust air to fresh air and/or domestic hot water. This article is the second part of a serie of two. It continues to describe a model for simulating the operation and performance of such appliances which was developped to be used in the TRNSYS software environment. It compares the results of calculations with those of laboratory measurements.
Compact ventilation appliances appeared on the market for solar passive houses. They include a heat pump to transfer heat from ventilation exhaust air to fresh air and/or domestic hot water. This article describes such systems and gives information about a model for simulating the operation and performance of such appliances which was developped to be used in the TRNSYS software environment.
The market evolution of domestic exhaust air heat pumps since 1979 in Sweden is described. Some information is also given about the German market. Technologies of different exhaust air heat pumps systems are shown and results of several monitoring projects in Sweden are summarized : they show for houses built in the 1980's an electricity consumption of 90 to 130 kWh/m2/year (including domestic hot water and household electricity), depending on the thermal characteristics of the building envelope. The energy savings thanks to the exhaust air heat pump are about 30%.
This paper presents results from a wider study into providing displacement ventilation in urban areas by taking air into buildings from the top without the use of fans. Results from large scale experimental work are given. These results indicate that ventilation airflows can be induced using gravity chillers and heaters in conditions where this type of installation would otherwise fail. The paper also describes initial experiments undertaken to see how far the same equipment can be used for heat recovery. One test installation was modelled using a proprietary zonal model.
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