LoginDerives mathematical relationships for the connection between pressure loss and volume flowrate using simple crack models and applying known laws of similarity for flow in pipes or gaps.
Bibliographic database Airbase
AIRBASE is the Bibliographic Database of the AIVC. It contains publications and abstracts of articles related to energy efficient ventilation. Where possible, sufficient detail is supplied in the bibliographic details for users to trace and order the material via their own libraries. Topics include: ventilation strategies, design and retrofit methods, calculation techniques, standards and regulations, measurement methods, indoor air quality and energy implications etc. Entries are based on articles and reports published in journals, internal publications and research reports, produced both by university departments and by building research institutions throughout the world. AIRBASE has grown and evolved over many years (1979 to present day, over 22000 references and 16000 documents available online). For most of the references, the full document is also available online.
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Discusses use of tracer gases for the measurement of natural ventilation rates States advantages of using radio isotopes are increased speed and sensitivity.
Estimates of air infiltration in houses based on tracer gas measurements have usually assumed house is a single perfect mixing chamber with incoming air instantaneously and uniformly diffused to all parts of the interior.
Outlines some research by social psychologists to induce people to reduce residential energy consumption. Results indicate that summer electricity consumption could be predicted from energy-related attitudes.
Ventilation losses account for approximately 50% of heat consumed by a building. Treats characteristics of leakage generally.
Sets out simplified analysis of thermal load imposed by infiltration of cold outside air into interior of heated building as function of prevailing wind speed and difference between internal and external temperatures.
Expresses air infiltration rate measured using tracer gas in 2 similar town houses in terms of wind speed, wind direction, indoor-outdoor temperature difference, average rate of boiler firing and fraction of time that doors are open.
Argues that heat losses and ingress of cold air through factory doors are best reduced by the use of air locks and air curtains. Derives equations defining heat losses through unprotected doors. Illustrates air balance of an industrial shed.
Describes new calculation procedure which forms a basis for 1978 draft in German Standard DIN 4701 "Building heat demand calculation". Defines infiltration heat loss. Examines previous German standard calculation procedure.
Reviews mechanism of natural ventilation. Provides mathematical expressions for wind pressure distribution, stack effect, and air flows. Treats air leakage component's characteristics, both individually and connected in series or parallel.
Presents description of an automated, controlled-flow air infiltration measurement system. This system measures total air flow, a volume per unit time, due to infiltration in a test space.
The measurement systems used at Twin Rivers for determining energy usage are described.
Details the retrofits at Twin Rivers, grouped into packages A,B, C and D. A,B and D reduced heat flow through attic and basement.
Reports wind-tunnel tests on simple cubical model made of plastic to see effect of outside wall leakage on internal and external pressures. Three wind directions are studied and results extended to smoke-control problems.
After retrofitting of town houses at Twin Rivers it was found that heat loss from attics was much higher than predicted. This was accounted for by heat transfer within the wall dividing adjacent townhouses (party wall) from each other.
Discusses reasons for making buildings air-tight and the requirements of the swedish building code.
Describes retrofitting a wood-frame residence, having only limited insulation in the attic, to reduce its energy requirements for heating and cooling.
Points out that increased levels of thermal insulation in dwellings make ventilation heat loss an increasingly significant proportion of total dwelling heat loss and of great significance for sizing heating installations and selecting their contro
Compares the new draft standard with the 1959 original. More sophisticated mathematical methods and meteorological data processing has necessitated the revision.
Describes pressure method for testing whole houses for air leakage. States main advantages compared to tracer gas technique are that equipment is inexpensive, easy to handle and so well adapted to routine tests.