The multizone airflow simulation program COMIS was evaluated within an International Energy Agency research program. One of the steps in the evaluation procedure is to test the user-code interface, consisting not only in the appearance of the computer screen, but also in the user guide or any other tutorial or help system. The user-code interface of COMIS was then tested through round robin tests. Two types of problems were submitted to several users: a simple and well-defined problem and a real world problem. This study first allowed great improvements of the user guide.
This paper examines the contribution that energy efficiency in residential buildings can make towards meeting the UK government' s commitment to reduce the country's C02 emissions by 20% relative to 1990 levels by the year 2010. It is based on work carried out by the authors and their colleagues, funded by the UK Electricity Association. Following a bottom-up modelling approach, the technological options available for use in residential buildings in the UK have been assessed.
This paper presents a set of detailed experimental data of room airflow with displacement ventilation. These data were obtained from a new environmental test facility. The measurements were conducted for three typical room configurations: a small office, a large office with partitions, and a classroom. The distributions of air velocity, air velocity fluctuation, and air temperature were measured by omnidirectional hotsphere anemometers, and contaminant concentrations were measured by tracer gas at 54 points in the rooms. Smoke was used to observe airflow.
This paper describes a methodology for simulating the transport of smoke and hot gases in buildings. The approach is based on the use of efficient CFD techniques and high performance computers to solve a form of the Navier-Stokes equations specialized to the smoke movement problem. The fire is prescribed in a manner consistent with a mixture fraction based approach to combustion, but the combustion phenomena themselves are not simulated. The mixing and transport of smoke and hot gases are calculated directly from an approximate form of the Navier-Stokes equations.
As thermal storage media, phase-change materials (PCMs) such as paraffin1 eutectic salts; etc. offer an order-of-magnitude increase in thermal storage capacity, and their discharge is almost isothermal. By embedding PCMs in gypsum board, plaster, or other wall -covering materials, the building structure acquires latent storage properties. Structural elements containing PCMs can store large amounts of energy while maintaining the indoor temperature within a relatively narrow range.
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