For a large-scale building complex planned to be built in urban area, airflow around buildings and airflow inside a ventilated atrium of the building complex were estimated by CFO (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation, and wind and thermal environment were evaluated. The accuracy of CFO simulation was assessed by comparison with wind tunnel experiment. It was found that CFO tends to underestimate the air velocity near the ground surface compared with the results of wind tunnel experiment.
Predicting the movement of smoke in a naturally ventilated building is a difficult process for architects and design engineers alike. A software model developed by the Fire Research Station may provide a solution.
In many new buildings the indoor air quality is affected by emissions of volatile materials. The emission process may be controlled either by diffusion inside the material or evaporation from the surface but it always involves mass transfer across the boundary layer at the surface-air-interface. Experiments at different velocity levels were performed in a full-scale ventilated chamber to investigate the influence of local airflow on the evaporative emission fr-0m a surface.
Several energy efficiency and renewable energy principles have been implemented in a recently refurbished and extended primary school building in Grong, Norway,. The building is located in the centre of Grong, a small town slightly north of Trondheim. The local authority's aim was to build an economical and modern school building with an attractive and healthy indoor environment and a minimal energy demand.
A large number of the studies have indicated that chemical indoor air pollution has become an important environmental factor which influences the population's health. Nitrogenmonoxide and nitrogen dioxide are mainly produced by combustion at high temperatures and are formed by reactions between nitrogen and oxygen. Both nitrogen in the fuel and nitrogen in the air participate in reaction, NO is further oxidized and transferred into N02 in the atmosphere. Nitrogen dioxide is the most toxic of the nitrogen oxides and is the most important from view-point of health.
The heat sources in a room with upward air supply, can be ideally decomposed into some basic models. Based on searching of the solution of the basic models, then solving the varieties of practical problems, a simplified method for predicting vertical temperature distribution of room air is submitted in this paper. Calculated values of some practical examples agree satisfactorily with experiment results.
The aim of this study was to ascertain the validity of using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques to predict the behaviour of three dimensional gravity induced natural convection buoyant plumes from a vertical heated cylinder in a large quiescent enclosure. The calculated velocity distributions and turbulence quantities over the cylinder were compared to a wide range of experimental measurements. The laminar boundary layer on an isothermal vertical plate was also modelled. The CFX4.
This study is a part of a research project named 'Convective Flows and Vertical Temperature Gradient within Active Displacement Air Distribution'. The project was started in 1996 in order to determine guidelines for air flow rate dimensioning of the system. Aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of the thermal plumes of the heat sources used in the project. The characteristics were determined in order to apply the results to different kinds of plumes, which may occur with active displacement air distribution system.
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