Authors assessed building-related risk factors for lower respiratory symptoms in office workers. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health in 1993 collected data during indoor environmental health investigations of workplaces. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess relationships between lower respiratory symptoms in office workers and risk factors plausibly related to microbiologic contamination.
The paper deals with air flow visualisation using fog generators. This technique has been applied to show air jets boundaries in several cases, in order to design flow generating equipment in industrial buildings.
Computed tomography consists in measuring chemical concentrations profiles in a room from the attenuation of a large number of laser rays and converting measurements in a two dimensional concentration profile by a reconstruction algorithm. This study shows the effectiveness of one of these algorithms (Low Third Derivative).
This paper defines a new parameter : the equivalent frequency used for the description of the frequency characteristics of air velocity in turbulent flows.Analyses were performed to identify how much the accuracy of determination of the equivalent frequency depends on the characteristics of the velocity. Results of the analyses identified that the equivalent frequency of the velocity fluctuations in rooms is between 0.1 et 1 Hz, and 90 % of those records were between 0.2 and 0.6 Hz which is the frequency range identified to have most significant impact on people's draught sensation.
Three methods : step-up velocity change, step-down velocity change, and the cut-off frequency method were tested for the dynamic response of two low velocity thermal anemometers.This paper had the objective to identify whether those methods recommended in the standards and guidelines always succeed in determining accurately the frequency response curves and the time constant of low velocities anemometers.
In order to identify the complex flow located at the breathing zone of a seated person exposed to the airflow coming form a PVS (personalized ventilation system) two techniques are used and compared : the PIV ( a two-dimensional particle image velocimeter) and the LDA (laser doppler anemometer) technique with a single point measurement, given by a cross section of laser beams.
The PIV technique appears a very interesting tool in studies aiming at identifying airflow in rooms or around objects.
The velocity field in circular ducts has been measured downstream 8 representative disturbances (elbows, junctions, damper, ...). The uncertainty in flow rate calculation has been defined.
This paper deals with two general approaches used to determine multizone air flow by tracer gas experiments : a tracer gas decay model and a simultaneous release of n different tracer gases in n zones (n x n approach) . The results show a suitable agreement between the model and measurements made, at work-time, in a 3-store building equipped with an hybrid ventilation system.
A new type of thermal manikin DRESSMANN (Dummy Representing Suit for Simulation of huMAN heatloss). is presented : it consists of an overall, that can be worn by a person or a manikin, on which up to 32 heated sensors (artificial skins) can be fixed everywhere by velcrose fastening.
DRESSMANN presents the advantages of heated dummies and of small sensors . It can be used in buildings, vehicles, planes or trains.
The deposit of particles on ceilings close to ventilation outlets is mainly caused by the features of mixed ventilation, turbulence and induction. This study aims at solving that annoying problem of particle deposition, for the ventilation industry. The development of a clean outlet is eased thanks to a new experimental approach using an optical technique (in so far as the experimental technique and the CFD calculations are too inefficient).