Describes an energy efficient hypermarket built in South Wales. Describes energy conserving features, including CO2-controlled ventilation using an infra-red analyser. Briefly discusses problems of installing and calibrating the system.
To simulate time-dependent interior humidity, a moisture mass balance is applied to the control volume of the envelope of a residential structure. Moisture transport mechanisms incorporated include infiltration, cooling coil condensation, int
Discusses different ways of defining and comparing ventilation efficiency. It can be defined in absolute values ie the ability of the system to decrease the concentration of impurities in proportion to the maximum concentration. A time consta
Presents a model for computing the infiltration and air flow between rooms of a multi-room building in terms of basic principles of fluid mechanics. This model has been incorporated into a comprehensive loads-predicting computer program. Air flo
A small test house having a pitched roof/ventilated attic was installed in a high bay environmental chamber. The test house and its attic were extensively instrumented for measuring heat and moisture transfer. The test house was exposed to a ser
Presents results of full-scale pressure measurements on 3 test houses. Discusses the influence of different input parameters, such as leakage characteristics and pressure distribution on the rate of air infiltration, employing a simple calculation model.
Describes tests made in a single-family house to examine the overall effects of the kerosene heater in situ. Results indicate that in a tight house, maximum NOx concentrations can be higher than the ASHRAE and EPA air quality standards for continuous NO2 exposure and can approach the ASHRAE standard for24 hr exposure of NO. In some cases the NOx concentrations could be reduced to below the standard NO2 values by opening a window. Results show that average 24-hr NOx concentrations approach the standard NO2 value in a tight house when the heater is operated for 6.2 hrs.
Describes airing habits based on observation of windows of 50000 rooms in terraced housing and blocks of flats. Compares the results with observations in other countries. Derives an expression giving the fraction of indoor-outdoor temperature difference. Calculates from this information the average energy losses in Sweden due to airing.
Notes concern in recent years about complaints by occupants concerning the air quality in internal rooms. It is usually necessary to carry out an analysis of the air conditions to discover the underlying cause of the complaints. Gives advice on analysis methods. Treats selection of the appropriate measurement method, and timing and location of the measurements. Demonstrates the measurement techniques by examples.
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