standard

Describes test apparatus and method of testing windows for air leakage. This standard has been adopted by the following countries :- Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, Switzerland and United Kingdom. It is available in English, French or German.

Describes standard tests for air leakage, water-tightness and mechanical tests to be carried out on windows. Describes apparatus and test method. Defines normal resistance to air leakage as air penetration of 12 to 60 m3/h/m2 of the surface at a pressure of 10mm. of water. At air penetration of less than 12 m|3/h/m|2 the windows have improved resistance to air penetration.

This draft gives provisional recommendations for performance requirements for windows. Gives grades of exposure, speed correction factors for ground roughness and height above ground level. Suggests values for wind loading and limits for air infiltration, water penetration and security.

Reports tests of air leakage made in the joints in a hospital building in gothenberg using a special pressure chamber. Describes test method and gives the values from five readings ina table. The required standard was that "the maximum leakage of air would be 300 litres per m run joint per hour at a pressure differential of 10mm of water". Tests showed that the required standard was met and perhaps that the amount of attention given by contractors and owners to joint problems has increased.

Discusses variations in the test results which occur with the laboratory procedures for assessing the air and water penetration attributes of windows. Presents data for windows examined under British Standard BS 4315 : part 1 "Methods of test for resistance to air and water penetration - windows and gasket glazing systems". Considers the implications of thesetests for the development of performance levels for use in standards and procurement documents, and proposes a two-stage statistical procedure, based in the first instance on tests on five windows.

Discusses reasons for ventilating buildings and theories of ventilation. Summarises American and British recommendations for fresh air supplies. Concludes that the necessary volume of fresh air per person per minute varies considerably with thecircumstances but these volumes can be determined from the fundamental considerations.

Compares the new draft standard with the 1959 original. More sophisticated mathematical methods and meteorological data processing has necessitated the revision. The new standard incorporates SI units, uses resistance calculations and develops computer compatible stationery

Defines ventilation requirements for spaces intended for human occupancy and specifies minimum and recommended air quantities for the preservation of the occupants health, safety and well-being. Recommendations are given for different rooms in alltypes of building in terms of the outdoor air supply per minute. Also gives maximum concentrations of various contaminents. States that outdoor air requirement can be reduced if air is recirculated, purified or odour or gas removal equipment used, but in no case should be less than 5 c.f.m per person.

U.S. ventilation systems have been reported to require as much as 50-60% of total energy consumed in buildings and have become popular targets for energy conservation methods. Notes serious concern that arbitrary changes to codes and standards are being proposed in the name of energy conservation which could jeopardise health, safety or welfare of building occupants. Traces evolution of ventilation codes and standards in us.Treats difficulties encountered with measurement and direct control of indoor air quality. Notes common guide values for air contamination used.

Describes methods of calculating ventilation heat losses employed in several European countries. Compares them from standpoint of air change rates. Proposes calculation procedure for new Czechoslovak standard CSN 06 0210.