A simple study is described which demonstrates the relative importance of the various parameters which determine ventilation, using basically the single-cell version of the British Gas multi-cell model. The graphs presented can be used directly to estimate natural and mechanical ventilation rates under a wide variety of simple conditions. By adopting a non-dimensional approach which introduces the concept of the whole house leakage Reynolds number, the basis is laid for a more general means of estimating ventilation from graphical data sheets.
Using meteorological and physical data, a model simulating pressure and air mass flow distribution in buildings was produced using the method of non-linear networks. It was used to study wind and buoyancy effects on mechanically ventilated buildings. Calculations were made for a naturally ventilated high rise building for varying permeability distributions and air flow resistances of the building envelope, using data from real buildings and from previous cases described in the literature.
Random samples of the workforces of an air conditioned and naturally ventilated building were interviewed using a doctor administered questionnaire. Large and statistically significant excesses of work-related nasal symptoms, irritation of the eyes, dry throat, headache, dry skin andlethargy were detected in the air conditioned building compared to the naturally ventilated building. In the air conditioned building, over 36% of those interviewed were suffering from a single symptom and few workers were symptom free.
A matched pair of identical mobile homes, one supplied with electric heating and cooking utilities and the other with propane gas utilities, were used to evaluate, over a 14-month period, various factors which may affect indoor formaldehyde c
Treats the causes of deterioration in buildings, thermal bridges, the indoor climate, data for the design and execution of buildings and living conditions in rooms. Section headings are The formation of moulds, Humidity in buildings, The temperature factor, tau, as a criterion of the thermal quality of thestructural elements, Conditions of occupation of buildings, Thermal bridges, Natural ventilation of buildings, Conclusions, Advice.
The above new building is described. Main features of this building are shade from trees, south windows catch the breeze in summer and insolation in the winter, insulated foundations, roof and wall insulation, solar collectors toprovide all hot water heating and 75% of space heating, thermally massive walls to stabilise temperature, various natural ventilation and air conditioning options, and storm windows. Energy consumption details are given.
Compares in tables international requirements for housing regarding ventilation requirements of the entire dwelling, plus kitchen, bathrooms and W.C.s, living rooms and bedrooms. Discusses them. Examines the efficiency of ventilation openings and the requirements made on them. Discusses air flow through a house and the effect of wind forces. Notes how effective pressure difference is affected by the distribution of joints and air leaks.
Examines the most important sources of indoor air pollution in dwellings. These include pollutants introduced with the outside air, pollutants generated by human activity, emissions from building materials, furnishings, cleaning and polishing materials and disinfectants. Notes the importance of keeping formaldehyde and carbon dioxide down to safe levels. Discusses the consequences for the minimum room air change rate.
Results of air quality measurements are presented for a group of low-leakage houses located in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. A total of 46 houses were tested for formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide, radon, and humidity levels. The median level of formalde
Provides the results of tests into tracer gas concentration decay carried out in 15 Belgian apartments (Concours CHT) in 1982 to determine the rates of air infiltration. The tests formed part of a research programme which included pressurisation
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