Controlled background ventilation for large commercial buildings.

This study assessed the effectiveness of permanent but controllable background ventilators in naturally ventilated, office-type buildings with different envelope tightness. It was shown that, during the heating season, it is possible to provide adequate background ventilation for occupant comfort by incorporating commercially-viable, manually-controllable trickle ventilators within each room. Recommendations for possible consideration may be that 4,000 mm2 open-area ventilators could be used in rooms with floor areas less than 10 m2 and 400 mm2 per m2 (of floor areas) for those which are larger.