A group of 2-story detached houses is built next to a river stretching from south to north. There aremore than hundreds of houses, called the riverside townhouses in this study, in the construction site. Acoupled simulation of convection, radiation and conduction is conducted to evaluate the outdoorthermal environment from the viewpoint of building arrangement. According to the real weather data,two different wind directions (SSE and ENE) are examined.
This study presents a multi-objective optimum design method for reliable indoor humidity environmentsbased on the appropriate use of moisture-conditioning materials. In this paper, (1) a transient predictionof indoor air temperature and humidity in a model living room is developed by employing indices for thecontribution ratio of indoor climate (CRI(C)) and contribution ratio of indoor humidity (CRI(H)), and (2) anoptimal design method is developed using multi-objective genetic algorithms (MOGA) and the transientprediction above.
A successful Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) surveillance plan is essential for healthy and safe workplaces;yet it is costly to sample all air pollutants of the entire community. In Hong Kong, a voluntary IAQcertification scheme for workplaces proposes the acceptable concentration levels of nine commonindoor air pollutants, namely carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), respirable suspendedparticulates (RSP), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), formaldehyde (HCHO), total volatile organiccompounds (TVOC), radon (Rn) and airborne bacteria count (ABC).
In 2002, the indoor environment and occupant health of approximately 800 residential buildings wereinvestigated by a questionnaire. As a result, the actual conditions of the indoor thermal environmentand the indoor air quality have been clarified, and several problems related to dampness in buildings,have been grasped. This report focuses on child health problems related to the indoor environment,especially dampness.
In this study, five different types of smoking spaces and non-smoking spaces were investigated in orderto discuss about tobacco odor leakage from smoking area. VVOCs, VOCs and aledehydes wereanalyzed for characterization of odor. Additionally, the isolation result has been identified bydetermining ETS markers (nicotine and 3-ethenylpridine) based on ISO1845.Determined compounds were quantified and categorized into 13 groups, concentration between thesmoking space and non-smoking space was compared. In the most case, the concentration innon-smoking space was lower than smoking space.
Air conditioning in offices has become current practice in North Western Europe. Main reasons are thehigh internal loads and solar gains. That move away from the heated, naturally ventilated cellularoffice increased comfort complaints.Two cases are presented, confronting enquiry results with measurements. In both, the enquiries gavea number of dissatisfied at the noted mean vote much higher than the standard PMV/PPD curvesuggests. Measurements in turn showed that only in one of the two case complaints could beexpected.
The EPBD requires EU Member States to have legislation on Energy Performance of Buildings. Tosupport this a mandate was given to CEN (the European Standard Organisation) to produce thenecessary standards to support the implementation of the EPBD in the EU Member States. Thispaper gives an overview of the standards as they have been developed under the EU Mandate toCEN. It also gives some information on the interrelation of these standards. Also some information onCEN standardisation work is given.
The investigation was conducted to investigate the relationship between thermal conditions andindoor air quality during summer in a new unit-type nursing home. Almost all occupants in the nursinghome spend the daytime in the nursing homes common space area. We set out to examine how theindoor environment changes and what influence the thermal environment has on odor, and thereforetook readings in the common space for room temperature, relative humidity, CO2 concentration andodor levels.
This paper describes field experiments and numerical simulations on hybrid utilization of renewableenergy and polymer electrolyte fuel cells for a residential energy system. It presents the results ofempirical testing and evaluation of hybrid utilization involving solar energy. First, field experiments wereconducted on an electric power and domestic hot water supply system that uses both solar energy andfuel cells on sunny days in Sapporo. The system achieved a 46.6% reduction in primary energyconsumption compared with conventional systems.
The purpose of this study is to develop an optical measurement method of particles on a flat surfacefor evaluating particle removal performance of air-jet by nozzles in the cleanroom. Glass beads areselected for the test aerosol and they are adhered on test surfaces of Si wafer as witness plate.Authors developed new optical measuring system using Ar laser and surface particles are measuredby the system and also a surface particle counter for Si wafer. The experimental survey is conductedfor 14 types of nozzles and 30 different conditions.
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