The performance of indoor airflow for the office room with the hybrid air-conditioning system has beeninvestigated by means of CFD analysis. The hybrid air-conditioning system is composed of under floorair supply outlets for task zone and the natural ventilation openings for ambient zone. The measureddata (Kotani et al. 2006) at the office room in existence was used as the boundary condition of the flowrate of each natural ventilation opening and task flow outlets for CFD.
A questionnaire survey of urban Osaka apartment residents elicited data related to the use of airconditioners, portals, and electric fans as means of bearing summer heat. Those means respectiverelationships to respondents attributes, especially age, were investigated. Results show the following:1) regarding electricity expense awareness, younger respondents (under 40 years old) save electricitymore (p
For most sunny climates, the presence of high thermal loads due to the effect of solar radiationreinforces the need to protect the glazing in the facades and skylights. If this is not properly donethe performance of air-conditioning systems would be compromised and the lifespan of thatglazing would result severely affected. However, depending on the type and reflective nature ofthe shading system selected, undesirable effects for ventilation, comfort and especially forday-lighting tend to occur in the rooms provided with apertures that, paradoxically, we are trying toprotect.
Working with volatile chemicals creates numerous hazards for scientists in laboratory. Therefore, it isrestricted to do such works in a fume hood, which is designed to draw fresh air from the room into thehood and then out into the ventilation system, in order to prevent the accidents happened.According to the laboratory fire incidents investigation, the authors observed that a fire occurred infume hood will be a serious problem which has the potential to get much worse in the future as moreand complex laboratories are used and as the hood usage density increase.
This study compared the concentrations of indoor air pollutants identified from the 5 restaurantsincluding a category A (two Korean barbecue houses) during a lunch time period and a category B(one Japanese, one Chinese, and one Italian restaurants) during a dinner time period.
Succeeding to the experimental investigations in the two test rooms at FhG the results provide for acommon exercise in context of the IEA-Annex 41 project to validate several simulation tools. Theintention of this common exercise is to simulate two real test rooms which are located at the outdoortesting site of the Fraunhofer-Institute of building physics in Holzkirchen. During the winter time testswere carried out with the aim to compare the measurements with the models developed within theIEA-Annex 41 project. As moisture buffering material served gypsum boards.
The increasing incidence of airborne transmitted diseases indoors has prompted the attention ofstudying expiratory droplet dispersion and transport in built environments. Droplet dispersion in aroom under the conventional well-mixed and displacement ventilation is simulated. In this work, asource (i.e. a patient) and a receptor (i.e the susceptible object) were located in a mechanicalventilated room. This study evaluated droplet dispersion and mixing under well-mixing anddisplacement ventilation scheme.
Natural ventilation is a commonly used principle when ventilation systems for buildings are designed.The ventilation can either be obtained by automatically controlled openings in the building envelope, orit can just be the simple action of opening a door or a window to let the fresh air in.
In this paper air distribution solutions aiming to lower air velocities and good temperature control arestudied by measurements in 6 schools and temperature simulations. Air velocity measurementsshowed good performance of duct and ceiling diffusers which provided maximum velocities less than0.2 m/s and can be highly recommended for classrooms. The wall diffusers were clearly not suitable forclassrooms due to high velocities up to 0.43 m/s.
Formaldehyde has been widely used as a disinfectant and preservative in medical fields. Medicalstudents during their dissection course are exposed to formaldehyde, whose exposure is recentlyconsidered to be one of the causes of multiple chemical sensitivity. At first, we evaluated formaldehydeexposures that occurred in the gross anatomy laboratory with a general ventilation system.Formaldehyde in air was sampled by an active 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH)-silica gel cartridge,extracted with acetonitrile and analyzed with a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
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