The airtightness of windows is an important feature in deciding habitability. in additional to the conventional, the window sashes featuring improved soundproofing and insulation performance have appeared. Summarizes the results of measurements of the air-tightness of these sashes made using carbon dioxide as a tracer gas, as well as double sliding and single sliding windows using actual size samples. Explains experimental apparatus and measuring method.
The significance of air tightness on building performance and the factors affecting the air leakage performance of the building enclosure are discussed. the ability of the ASTM standard air leakage test method to check the quality of design and manufacture of factory-assembled walls, windows and doors as well as the inability of the method to provide the building designer with quantitative air leakage data for calculating heating and cooling loads and designing smoke control means is also discussed.
Reports on the air leakage characteristics of the exterior walls of eight multi-storey office buildings in Ottawa. Results of the measurements taken are given and a method for calculating infiltration rates caused by stack action has been developed andis applied to heat loss calculations using the measured wall leakage values.
Describes portable air leakage apparatus capable of measuring the air infiltration of whole dwellings directly on site by the pressure method. Main assembly consists of a flow measurement duct and electric fan. Describes test procedure and gives air leakage curves for an ordinary semi-detached house and an experimental house. Finds that doors and windows account for a surprisingly small proportion of total leakage.
Part of an extensive research programme being carried out also in Denmark, Finland and Sweden. Describes 75 window tests and gives diagrams of air flow and rain penetration apparatus. Proposes tentative evaluation curves for air penetration of windows of a stringent kind suitable for a severe climate. For air pressure of 30-40 mm of water, an 'acceptable' air flow is about 30 m.m. per hour per test window, with 'good' at about 20 and 'excellent' about 11. The curves are shown graphically.
Proposes a method for measuring the rate of air change in factories using ammonia as a tracer gas and measuring its rate of decay by a colorimetric method. The advantage is that extremely small quantities can be detected. The method is cheap, easy to use, reasonably accurate and unobjectionable to the occupants.
Discusses the principles involved in measuring air change rates using tracers and gives the theory. Outlines the preparation of the tracer and the test procedure in stables. Finds that satisfactory results can be obtained when the concentration of krypton-85 is only one tenth of the maximum allowable. Lists the advantages of the method.
Points out that increased levels of thermal insulation in dwellings make ventilation heat loss an increasingly significant proportion of total dwelling heat loss and of great significance for sizing heating installations and selecting their control equipment. Treats attempts to reduce ventilation loss by specifying greater tightness of building structures, especially windows.
Describes the influence on heat resistance of an insulated wall of workmanship and forced convection. Compares experimental investigations on cross-bar walls with calculated values. Examples show the influence on heat resistance of insulation installation, air-flow along the insulation and air-flow through the insulation. Concludes that air-tightness of the vapour barrier and partly of the inside board are of great importance.
Compares the new draft standard with the 1959 original. More sophisticated mathematical methods and meteorological data processing has necessitated the revision. The new standard incorporates SI units, uses resistance calculations and develops computer compatible stationery
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