This study documented that houses in the southeastern United States built on typical wall ventedcrawl spaces possess the following characteristics: 1) liquid water, water vapor and associatedmoisture issues, 2) mold spores, 3) measured holes between the crawl space and living space, 4)measured transmission of mold spores from the crawl space to the living space.

This paper outlines the Australian Standard 1668.2: 2002 ETSHI risk methodology and extends it to give a means of calculating the numerical death risk from exposure of specific age/gender groups to defined Environmental Tobacco Smoke, (ETS) exposures.Acceptable risk exposure is discussed (with numbers) and actual mortality statistics are presented for comparison.A smoking permitted office situation is analysed and some conclusions are drawn.This paper (and the underlying research) was not funded by pro or anti tobacco interests.

Analysis of operation of a prototype system for local air-conditioning of working places, named PERMICS-LOS1 (Personal Microclimate System) was made based on measurements of air velocity field, using a hot-wire anemometer and of tracer gas concentrations with decay method. The emphasis of the experimental analysis was on design and effectiveness of the air terminal device in terms of air distribution using also visualization technique.

For the prototype of the local air conditioning of the working places named PERMICS(Personal Microclimate System) the air velocity and turbulence intensity at horizontal air inlets were analyzed. The velocity field was visualized with smoke. Based on findings from visualization the measurements were made with new technology of the hot-wire anemometer named HW3D-ED. Experimental analysis has been supplemented by a numerical simulation of the velocity field on the air terminal device and in the breathing zone using a commercial CFD package, software PHOENICS.

The Single Coil Twin Fan (SCTF) system is a newly developed air-conditioning and air distribution system that aims to deliver enhanced IAQ as well as save energy. The fundamental principle of this system is based on demand ventilation and demand cooling, which is achieved in the individual occupied zones through localized temperature and carbon dioxide sensors positioned in the respective return grilles. The conditioning of the two air streams is achieved by a single compartmented cooling coil, which provides ease of control of the chilled water flow through the coil.

In a modern office environment, balance is sought between working as individuals and the interaction between employees. It must be possible to appropriately combine various work methods, which means that partition walls and workstations should be flexibly adaptable, in order to best match the business model of each customer. The adaptability of office space is one of the central premises in designing a beam system. The systems must adapt to changed loads and partition wall locations.

Ventilation is an effective method of introducing air into and moving air through buildings to achieve indoor air quality that is comparable to outdoor air quality. However, questions have recently been raised about the effect of ventilation on indoor air quality in hospitality venues where smoking is allowed. Dilution and removal of particles and gasses from various sources within a building and controlling temperature and humidity are the primary reasons for ventilation. Some of the first mechanical ventilation systems were designed to control particles and gasses from tobacco smoke [1].

Regular air tightness and infiltration measurements were performed in forty houses, in the area of Attica, Greece. Two measurement methods were used, the tracer gas decay method and the Blower Door tests method. Blower Door measurements were done in accordance with EN ISO 13829 [1]. Ambient conditions and temperature fluctuations inside the houses were measured as well.

This study discusses the empirical validation of a multi-zone infiltration model of an existing two-storey detached house in the cold Finnish climate. Empirical validation was performed by comparing simulated and measured pressure conditions of the building during a three-week test period in the heating season. The simulations were carried out using a dynamic simulation tool, IDA-ICE, which combines whole-building energy simulation and infiltration modelling.

The present communication forms part of the conclusions to emerge from the research project-Development of a methodology for the estimation of ventilation efficiency in residentialhouses- financed jointly by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science and by ERDF, andcarried out from 2003 to early 2006.The aim is to present the results obtained for ventilation efficiency in systems of hybrid ventilation for houses, which is about to be implemented in Spanish legislation.