In this paper we analyze by means ofbuilding simulation the effect of differentparameter combinations on the non-heating andnon-cooling temperatures of a typical airconditionedoffice building.

Buildings take a great share on the total energyconsumption and C02 emissions in Portugal.Poorly thought buildings pollute the urbanspace, and contribute to the increasing buildingssector energy demand. When thinking inretrofitting old buildings, the common thoughtis that huge amounts of money must be spent onit. This paper, presents a case study on a poorlyenergy performing commercial building, wherea hybrid ventilation free-cooling technique isused to demonstrate its potentiality to efficientlydecrease building energy consumption, withoutrequiring huge investments.

In order to generate effective grid for CFDanalysis of wind environment around buildings in urban area, we newly develop non-uniformtype adaptive mesh refinement method(NUAMR). Different from the conventionaluniform type AMR (UAMR), NUAMR won'tsmooth mesh outside a windward stream tube ofa target region. By comparing overallperformance between UAMR and NUAMR, wereveal NUAMR method's advantage as listedbelow: 1) NUAMR method and UAMR methodhave almost same accuracy in wind velocityratio around a high-rise building.

As the technology in building materialsadvances, the room air pollution caused bychemical compounds, and also by preservativesand insecticides for termite control, has becomea serious problem. With Regard to the airconvection in the house to contribute to themovement of the contaminants, there is stackeffect, wind presssure, and mechnicalventilation as the driving forces for airmovement, that is also much affected by the airtightness and ventilation path of the house.

Domain decomposition technique is a methodfor CFD simulation, which can handle internalairflow of cross-ventilation of dwellingsseparately from extemal domain. Boundaryconditions for internal airflow simulation werepicked from calculated result of extemaldomain. Cross-ventilation flow rate waspredicted by applying Local dynamic similaritymodel for large openings. Simulated resultswere compared with experimental results andgood correspondence was observed with respectto cross-ventilation flow rate.

The concentration in the convection flows ofresuspended particles from the floor area wasexperimentally investigated under laboratoryconditions with different ventilation strategies.It was concluded that the number of smallparticles transported into the breathing zone waslarge with a forced resuspension; however thereseemed to be little risk of resuspension ofparticles from the floor due to the air supplyunder normal conditions. The geometry of thesimulators and the layout of the room had a biginfluence on the exposure.

It is often pointed out that when evaluating the energy-saving performance of equipment, it isimportant to take into consideration how theequipment under consideration is actually used.In evaluating heat transfer by contact duringfloor heating, it is important not only toevaluate spatial temperature distribution andoperative temperature but also to take intoconsideration heat transfer by contact with thefloor in view of the actual state of the floorheating system users.

The use of floor heating has been know sincemore than 3000 years from the Chinese Kang,the Korean Ondol, the Romans hypocaust to daysmodern water based systems embedded in thefloor construction. The application of suchsystems also for cooling is however less known.To evaluate the usefulness of radiant floorcooling it is important to take into accountcomfort, cooling capacity, control and design.One limiting factor is the floor surfacetemperature. In spaces with seated or people thefloor temperature should not be lower than 20 Cfor comfort reasons.

This paper deals with pressurization usingHVAC systems on each floor as acountermeasure against stack effect generated inthe winter in high-rise office buildings that donot use revolving doors at the entrance. Awhole-building pressurization system isinstalled in a 23-story building located in Tokyoin order to prevent various problems caused bythe stack effect, e.g.

The Mechanical supply only (MSO) ventilationsystem has many advantages, such as good airdistribution, easy pre-heating of cold fresh airsupply and prevention of chemical aerosolsintake through wall cavity. However, thissystem has not been used for dwellings becauseof the risk of the condensation in the wall.