Maintaining a good indoor air quality (forpeople and building conservation) is obviously thefirst aim of any ventilation system; neverthelessthe main side effect - which is also the mostvisible one - is to spend energy, for heating firstand for transport.In these times of expensive energy, thetemptation is high to lower the ventilation flows,with few consideration on indoor air quality.Demand controlled ventilation is still oftenaccused of this behaviour and argued against asbeing "just a flow reduction".

For the patient, the sickroom is a place for themedical treatment and is also the living spacewhere they spend almost all time in a day.Therefore, high indoor air quality and thermalcomfort are needed in the sickroom.We propose to use the displacement ventilationas a means of obtaining high indoor air quality,in combination with radiation panel forindividual control of thermal environment. Thisstudy is intended to examine the validity of thissystem. This paper describes the experimentaland calculated results on the influence ofradiation panel on contaminant concentrationprofile.

Interzonal air movements are important tocharacterize overall ventilation perfosmance ofcomplicated multi-zone indoor spaces. Tracergas techniques are widely used to measureventilation rates or ventilation effectiveness aswell as air movements between indoor spacesusing either a single or multiple tracer gases.This paper compares the tracer gas methods interns of procedures and uncertainties inmeasuring air exchange rates between rooms.Experiments have been conducted in a simpletwo-room model with known airflow rates.

Prediction and visualisation of wind flow andpollutant dispersion in urban, densely built areasis necessary for city planners and engineers inorder to regulate and monitor successfully thelocal air quality. Wind vortices, low pressurezones and channelling effects may affect theventilation characteristics of street canyonsunder different meteorological conditions. Inthis respect physical and mathematical modelsare employed which are able to provide insightinto passive cooling techniques for buildingslocated in densely built up areas.

In this study, we evaluated the ventilationperformance of an automobile interior with theaim of minimizing the influence of harmfulmaterials emitted from new cars. We measuredthe ventilation performance of a selecteddomestically manufactured passenger car by theconcentration decay method using tracer gas.For a total of four cases of test conditions, wecompared the ventilation volume andconcentration of pollution materials. Undervarious settings for the internal circulation andexternal circulation of the air circulation unit,the automobile is started in the open air.

The paper presents a new concept for a lowpressure drop supply system suited for theventilation of office spaces. Lower pressurelosses for the air distribution allow a downsizingof the fans cutting down the investment costsfor the equipment and the energy consumptionduring operation. Great potential savings inhigh-valued energy (exergy) are possible inlarge buildings where this concept could reducepressure drops by a factor up to ten. This supplysystem consists of decentralized air handlingunits installed near the facade.

The aim of this study is to examine contaminantdistribution in the occupied zone of a room servedby a novel enhanced displacement ventilationsystem which brings cooler air near the floorupward around human body via 4 fans mounted ateach corner of a chair. An office with twoworkstations was simulated in a full-scale testroom. The discharge angle of the flow from thefans was varied to be 0, 30, and 60" from thehorizontal plane. Two breathing thennal manikinswere used to simulate the occ~~pantwsi th oneserved as a polluting manikin and the other one asan exposed manikin.

We are building a particle tracking systemfor the measurement of convective heat transfersand pollutants displacements in full scale rooms.To increase the depth of the zone of interest, thesystem is non stereoscopic and do not use laserlight. The flow is seeded with 3mm-largeneutrally buoyant helium filled soap bubbles.Illumination is provided by white continuouslight. The seeded flow (air) is recorded by 3high-speed digital video cameras located alongthree different planes.

In building design the requirements for energyconsumption for ventilation, heating and coolingand the requirements for increasingly betterindoor climate are two opposing factors.This paper presents the schematic layout andsimulation results of an innovative multifunctionalventilation concept with little energyconsumption and with satisfying indoor climate.The concept is based on using passivemeasures like stack and wind driven ventilation,effective night cooling and low pressureloss heat recovery using two fluid coupledwater-to-air heat exchangers developed at theTechnical University of Den

The hybrid air-conditioning system is consistsof natural ventilation and mechanicalair-conditioning system in this paper. Theairflow characteristics inside office room withdifferent way to introduce the natural ventilationwere analyzed by means of CFD analysis. Theoffice has the same air-conditioning system byUnder Flow Air Distribution (UFAD). Threeways to introduce the natural ventilation wereused in the analyses. Outdoor air is introducedinto office room from Outdoor Air Intake (OAI)on ceiling, outward wall upper window, andfloor.