In residential buildings moisture is adominant pollution source removed by theventilation system. The Danish buildingcode requires a minimum air change rate of0.5h-1 in residential buildings to avoidmoisture related problems.

A radiant cooling system with the use of anordinary air conditioner in attic space, whichmay cope with natural ventilation, wasdeveloped as a trial.

As a matter of national policy, we have tochallenge to save energy in residential sectorthat contribute to C02 emission because theKyoto protocol has talten effect in 2005. Theamount of CO2 emission in residential sectoraccounts for about 14% of whole C02 emissionin Japan. The reduction of energy consumptionis the most pressing issue to be settled in theimmediate future. Then the energy consumptionof residential buildings was monitored for twoyears around the country with the object ofcreating a national database.

In hot and humid regions, cooling anddehumidification are important issues of inindoor environment. In this study, theevaluation of solar-assisted desiccant airconditioningsystems utilizing periodicallyreactivated desiccant such as desiccant bedsunder hot and humid climates is performedthrough integrated building and equipmentsimulations. As a result, the periodicallyreactivated desiccant air-conditioning systemsperform with relatively higher percentage ofcomfort as well as higher primary energy COPof approximately 6.05 under not extreme highenthalpy conditions.

This paper describes thermal characteristics of a hydronic floor heating system using heat pumps. An experimental system is constructed in a climate chamber. It has a test room with a floor area of 1 1.6 m2 and an air volume of 23.15 m3. Higher heat flow from floor heating can be seen in the room space at cases using panels with a thinner top layer made by materials with lower thermal resistance. Such panels also provide higher room temperature than other ones in comparison with conditions at similar supply water temperature. The heat balance in the whole system is observed.

There are many technologies aimed at reducing energy demand of ventilation systems, but thefocus in these designs has remained on the airheating system and exhaust losses. In fact, atypical daily exhaust air requirement for oneperson has the same quantity of exergy as thewater fi-om a typical shower, and thus heatingsystems must also consider hot water.This project presents the exergy analysis ofintegrating wastewater heat recovery into abuilding heating system. A heat pump providesroom conditioning and hot water heating.

The building sector is the first responsible ofenergy consumption in France (about 43%).Improving procedures, simulation tools anddesign methods should go in parallel withefforts to enhance the energy efficiency and tofind optimal design solutions.This paper provides a simplified linearcorrelation method to predict the impact of 11envelope parameters on the heating annualdemand of a single family house in 3 cities ofFrance (Nancy, Agen and Nice).The corresponding model is identified usingthe design of experiments techniques (Taguchitables).

The purposes of this research are to contrast theenergy consumption characteristics of oldresidential buildings and new residentialbuildings in Shanghai, China, and to analyzeinfluence factors of residential energyconsumption. 16 10 families in ResidentialDistrict A constructed in the 1980s and 819families in Residential District B constsucted inthe 2000s were chosen to trace their monthlyenergy consumption data in the whole year of2006.

Nowadays, due to the energy saving purposes inthe building sector, at new buildings and atrefurbishments, modem closing elements arebuilt-in, with very good thermal insulation andair tightness properties. The frame of theseelements may be from wood, plastic or metal.Each of them has advantages and disadvantages,but during the exploitation the initial value ofair tightness may become higher. Thisphenomenon may appear because of the initialtensions in the materials or due to the failures inthe built-in procedure. The infiltrated air-flowthrough the frame gaps may be significant.

The primary purpose of the present study was toevaluate the effects of retrofitting of windowsashes by measuring air tightness performanceand thermal environment of apartment housesbuilt during the period 1965 - 1974 before andafter the retrofitting of window sashes. Also,ventilation rate in each zone and air tightness onroom fittings were determined in multi-zonetype dwelling units, and evaluation was madeon ventilating sinlulation between multi-zonedwelling units.