This paper reports the results of thermal comfort and indoor air quality measurements aboard aircraft from 43 flights on commercial airlines with a duration of more than 1 h. The measurements were performed continuously during the whole flight (from the departure gate to the arrival gate), and the parameters monitored were temperature, relative humidity and carbon dioxide concentration. The results were then compared with the ASHRAE Standards for the thermal comfort (ASHRAE Standard 55-92) and indoor air quality (ASHRAE Standard 62-89).

The influence of a thermal heterogeneity boundary conditions on the air change efficiency (ACE) of a mechanical ventilation system in a test room was experimentally evaluated by means of the "step-down" tracer gas technique in 24 different experimental conditions. The experiments were performed under isothermal condition, varying the air supply temperature with respect to the walls and varying the surface temperature of a wall with respect to the other walls and the supply air, simulating both heating and cooling situations.

 This paper reports the development of methods for calculating a ventilation performance metric that is a measure of the airflow pattern in a room or zone of a multi-zone ventilation system. Temporal mixing theory is used as the basis for these methods. The methods are applicable to all ventilated systems that can be modeled as a set of interconnected chambers. Relations between the ventilation performance metric defined in this paper and those defined previously are derived. The theoretical results of this paper are consistent with published experimental findings.

Builders across the United States are seeing strong sales of homes that can reduce heating and cooling bills by as much as 50°/o but cost about the same as conventional homes to build. In the process of designing, building, and analyzing these homes, they've learned lessons about systems engineering that all builders can put into practice.

Natural ventilation is a sustainable, energy-efficient and clean technology that is well accepted by occupants. It can be used to provide fresh air for occupants as necessary, to maintain acceptable air quality levels and to cool buildings in cases where climatic conditions allow. The successful application of natural ventilation techniques and the effectiveness of natural ventilation are determined by the prevailing outdoor conditions and microclimate as well as by building design and building use.

The use of ceiling mounted circulating fans to provide air movement for cooling in industrial premises and animal houses is particularly essential in warm, humid climates. Methods to substantially improve the efficiency of this approach are demonstrated in this paper. Fan laws are identified as one source of strategies for increasing energy-efficiency of fans. Industrial ceiling fans are used to demonstrate that using larger, slower, fans will not only improve energy efficiency but also reduce fan noise.