There has been lack of fact based knowledge for design and operation of supply air jilter for general ventilation. An Invent multi-component project was started in 1994 to tackle this problem area. The paper describes the basic performances of air filters and requirements to be included in the Design Guide Handbook, managed by Invent, Finland.
Nosocomial transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb) is a recognized risk to health care workers in the U.S. In 1994, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published Guidelines for Preventing the Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Health-Care Facilities, 1994. (1) The Guidelines included recommendations for design and operation of Mfb isolation rooms.
Many hazardous chemicals are used in research laboratories. Fume hood is the most efficient and common single equipment used in prevention of chemical exposure of laboratory workers. Totally 303 fume hoods were inspected at the University of Kuopio laboratories and 295 of them were tested for their performance. The most important properties affecting occupational safety due to the fume hoods were tested.
The presence of airborne contaminants in the production environment can create problems to products, production equipment and personnel. The improvement of the production environment is a complex task and therefore, unprofitable control measures are common. PIMEX and similar equipment (1-6) combines video picture of the work and simultaneously measured data from the sensors detecting e.g. airborne contaminants. Link between problem calling conditions and work can be analysed with the aid of video picture in which graphical presentation of data is superimposed.
Quantitative and qualitative gas analysis is widely needed in present modern industrialized societies. The reasons for this need range from purely economical interests, to meeting the requirements of environmental and occupational health legislation. Examples of these applications include process effluent monitoring, emission monitoring, workplace safety monitoring, clinical blood gas monitoring, toxic gas monitoring in fires, chemical warfare agent detection and ambient air monitoring.
The penetration of cold outdoor air into industrial buildings is a severe problem in countries having a cold, arctic or subarctic climate. The cold air, penetrating into the building mainly through the open doorways, causes discomfort to the workers, disturbs the functioning of the ventilation system and increases the energy and maintenance costs of the building. What even worse, the industrial process could be disturbed and even stopped, which could lead to high production and financial losses.
Ventilation systems can be divided in many ways, by size, flow rate, velocity, material, placing, aim, etc. One common way is to divide between General Ventilation (GV) and Local Ventilation (LV). However, these terms do not have general accepted meanings. In the Design Guide Book for Industrial Ventilation (DGB), chapter 10 Local Ventilation, we (members of COST G3 Working Group 4) have tried to define and describe Local Ventilation systems. We have also made a division of L V into different specific systems.
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