Describes a mobile laboratory designed for research and development studies of ventilation and energy utilisation in residential and commercial buildings. Describes the trailer and instrumentation chosen. Discusses factors considered in the design of the laboratory.
Reviews tracer gas methods for measuring ventilation rate and discusses the diffusion of gases. Describes four tracer gas methods; rate of decay, equilibrium concentration, transfer index and constant concentration. Discusses the analysis of results. Describes an experimental room and series of measurements of air change rate using two methods a) rate of decay, where a balloon filled with gas was burst as a point source and b) equilibrium concentration where tracer gas was released continuously at a constant rate.
Reviews methods for the measurement of the activity concentrations of radon-222 daughters in air. Describes method which enables activity concentrations as low as 0.05 pc i/l of ra a to be measured with simple readily transportable equipment. The method presented here also measures RaB (214 Pb) and RaC (214Bi) activity concentrations and working levels with improved precision compared with established methods.
Reports results of measurements of the environmental radiation inside Norwegian houses. Three types of measuring equipment were used: a scintillation rate meter specially designed for low intensity measurement, a geiger counter with a rate meter, and an ionisation chamber. The average doserate in air due to environmental radiation was found to be 87 mrad/year insidehouses with outer walls of wood. 115 mrad/year for buildings with outer walls of concrete and 129 mrad/year for buildings with outer walls of brick.
Reports environmental background radiation exposure measurements made in approximately 100 residences in the vicinity of Livermore, California showing variations in annual exposure from 52 to 130 mr. Measurements were made with CaF2:Dy (tld-200) dosimeters at quarterly intervals for a period of 1 year. Dwellings were typically wood-frame structures with stucco exteriors. Interior exposure rates were, on average, about 25% lower than those outdoors.
Describes a method for measuring the radon concentration of three litre samples of atmospheric air without pretreatment. Apparatus used consists of a 12 in. photomultiplier with 2ns (ag) phosphor and counting chamber. A measured efficiency of 38% when the phospor is negatively changed, is in good agreement with theory. The ultimate sensitivity is governed by the background which is equivalent to a concentration of 5 x 10|-4 c/l
Reports wind pressure measurements being made on a four-storey building at Gaithersburg. Describes instrumentation and techniques for data acquisition, reduction and analysis. Outlines tests to be made on data to analyse the statistical properties of records.
Describes a probe, developed for sensing static pressure in two-dimensional air flow. It was designed as a sensor for the measurement of static pressure acting on the surface of a building but the design also permits it to be used in free-stream flow. Gives details of the construction of the probe, calibration procedure and the effects of Reynolds number and of the sensitivity of the probe to pitch.
Describes a probe, developed to measure air flow which can be used to find the leakage profile of a window. Discusses measurement principle, accuracy of measurement and experimental method. Suggest use of the probe for locating leakage points andgiving quantitative data of the amount of leakage. A possible use is for testing windows that are already installed in buildings
Describes methods of measuring the air tightness of whole buildings. Outlines three tracer gas methods; constant concentration; decreasing concentration and constant emission. Describes pressurisation method. Describes measuring equipment and test procedure and discusses calculation of ventilation rateand error magnitudes. Gives brief summary of measured results and an appendix contains a print-out of data on the airtightness of houses.
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