States that buildings in Saudi Arabia are often constructed without attention to the occupant discomfort caused by hot summer temperatures. Single-zone thermostats tend to limit comfort to the sun-side of office buildings, and there is also a possibility of asymmetrical radiation. Describes a pilot study conducted in a room in which airflows and temperatures were measured and then simulated using CFD techniques. Several factors were identified which contributed to the problem.
'Fan in wall' is a new ventilation system under investigation for hot and humid climate to assist natural ventilation. Temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, and thermal radiation affect thermal comfort of a person in hot climate. Installation of an air conditioner reduces air temperature and relative humidity to reach a certain level of thermal comfort. Under favourable conditions, increasing air velocity at unchanged temperature and humidity can result in the same perception of thermal comfort.
A hybrid cooling system using radiational panel cooling with wind-induced cross ventilation in an office setting is investigated. The characteristics of the indoor environment are examined using CFD (computational fluid dynamics) simulation, which is coupled with radiation heat transfer simulation and with HVAC control in which the PMV value for the human model in the centre of the room is controlled to be at the set-point (target) value. The system is devised on an energy saving strategy that utilises stratified room air with a vertical temperature gradient.
This paper founds the procedures of standard summer meteorological parameters in hot summer and cold winter region, determines the hourly meteorological model of dry and wet temperature change for sunny days, cloudy and rainy days, and builds up Chongqing's standard summer meteorological parameter database. Then based on hourly-degree method, this paper also analyses the ventilation cooling loads with new concepts such as ventilation cooling load index (VCLI), ventilation cooling temperature degree hour (CDH), cooling wetness hour (CWH0 and cooling enthalpy hour (CEH_.
Electrical energy consumption in the northwest region of the Mexican Republic during the summer, is the highest of the country, due mainly to the use of mechanical refrigeration systems that are used to condition the interior of the housing and other buildings as a rule. It is shown that it is possible to condition the interior of a house by passive means in a hot dry climate during the summer, through the use of massive walls, evaporative cooling and solar radiation shield systems on the roof.
Gives the results of an investigation on the combined effect of balcony, opening design and internal division on the indoor airflows pattern of a living zone located on the second floor of a two storey building. It was done using N3S software. The local average velocity coefficient as a function of the position in horizontal sections of 1.00 and 1.50 m in height was used, for activity with sitting and standing positions. The number of measurement points in the living zone were used to calculate the average velocity coefficient.
Describes a new starter home designed to be climate-specifically energy efficient for the suburbs of Houston, Texas, USA. The home is intended to demonstrate energy efficient building strategies for a hot-humid climate, but at a minimum cost increase over the builder's current product. The many energy efficient technologies incorporated into the design proved that they allow builders to offer better homes at almost no added cost.
The Coolhouse project is exploring the viability of alternatives to air-conditioning in southern European countries using innovative passive and low energy cooling and ventilating techniques, with an emphasis on ground cooling. The project will demonstrate a variety of passive cooling techniques and the use of ground cooling systems for housing in Crete and Portugal, a nursing home in southern France and a community centre in Italy. The project partners include architects, energy designers, social housing providers and developers, the project will last 48 months.
This article talks about the solutions that the vernacular architecture of desert areas in Iran has used to survive against undesirable climatic conditions. It is a partial result of a research that has been done by the author in 1994 in Shahid Beheshti University in Iran. It discusses and assesses climatic problems and living discomfort of the Zavareh, a small historical city in Esfahan province.
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