high rise building

Describes measurements taken in eight rooms in a multi-storey office building. Heat supply, internal to external temperature and pressure differences were recorded. Gives preliminary result that wind velocities near building were substantially lower than at nearby weather bureau.

Reports measurements made of wind pressures on a multi-storey building in London. Autocorrelations and power spectra were computed for the 48 pressure transducers and showed noticeable fluctuations in the pressures on the windward face, Possibly caused by a cushioning effect in front of the building "leaking" away at regular intervals. Mentions effect of the permeability of building. Comparisons made with wind tunnel tests improved when surrounding buildings were taken into account. Recommends design gust durations for various sizes of building.

Reports measurements of ventilation rate in specially designed low energy office building. Air change rates were measured using sulphur hexafluoride as a tracer gas and air samples were analyzed for carbon dioxide. Gives tables of results. Discusses analysis of ventilation from CO2 data. Concludes that most of the spaces in the building were operating at or above recommended levels.

Presents a general picture of the consequence of wind on high buildings. States that the air velocity in the lower 250-600m layer of the atmosphere is strongly affected by the shape of the earth's contours, and discusses the effect and size of eddies. Gives the range of wind pressure variations between windward side, leeward side and at corners and edges and outlines problems that can result in ventilating, from draught and other wind hindrance aspects. Brief tips are given to minimize serious mishaps from the result of wind near high rise buildings.

Analyses wind pressure records, taken during 5 different windstorms on 2 levels in a 400ft (122m) high office building in downtown Montreal March 1964 pressure fluctuations on an actual building. Preliminary work done to compare full-scale measurements with wind tunnel measurements indicates that simulation of basic statistical properties of wind pressure fluctuations can be successful when carried out in a boundary layer type of wind tunnel.

Wind pressure measurements made over a 4 years period on a 34-storey building in downtown Montreal were used to obtain data for checking and improving wind tunnel techniques of modelling flow characteristics of wind and aerodynamic behaviour of buildings. Specifies the major problems involved in making field measurements and in comparing them with wind tunnel measurements. Comparisons with model measurements are made. Examples have been found of excellent agreements, but for some wind directions the comparisons gave unsatisfactory correlation.

Gives the results of measurements of wind and driving rain carried out over a 1-year period on an 18-storey block of flats, and compares these results with calculated and model scale data. The in-situ measurements indicate that the pressure differences between various locations on a facade, exposed to rain are much smaller than the calculated values, and also pressure differences due to wind at a window between the inside and outside are much lower than the theoretical values.

Reports a theoretical study of natural ventilation made jointly by HVRA (UK) and Institute for Public Health Engineering TNO (Netherlands). Uses analogue and digital computers, and results so derived were used to produce a design method suitable for rapid assessment of the natural ventilation of projected buildings. Shows this method to be quicker, cheaper, and more accurate than the crack method (measured leakage at windows and doors) or the air change method.

States that high-rise buildings can cause problems to occupants particularly since wind velocity and pressure fluctuations will be more pronounced than at ground level. Outlines ways in which smoke from chimneys can cause difficulties and gives reasons for difficulties when ventilating or air conditioning high-rise buildings. Recommends testing a model of the building in a windtunnel; lists points to be investigated; discusses rules for scaling giving formulae and outlines the testing procedure.

Presents calculation principles and results of investigation into air infiltrating into a high rise building, based upon assumed equality of pressures on staircases and in the rooms halfway up the building.