Decribes how the 19 floor 76m high Arts Tower at Sheffield University is having its energy use characteristics investigated. Illustrates a typical floor plan. Describes and illustrates a component pressure testing rig todetermine the infiltration coefficients of the vertically sliding windows. Treats the criteria determining the rig design and the air flow measurement procedure. Treats tests on windows where the sealant did and did not appear defective, the overall values of window coefficients, testing of a weatherstripped window, the payback period for weatherstripping the windows.
Reviews the published data on component air leakage, and from this compiles a set of component leakage figures for use in estimating leakage areas and their distribution in buildings. These calculations are compared with measurements of leakage areas in 36 houses in different locations in the US. The model predicts leakage area accurately for the average of the 36 houses, while for individual houses the standard deviation is about 20%. Discusses the assumptions and methods to convert other types of component leakage data to component leakage area.
Describes measurements of the leakage area of fireplaces,bathroom and kitchen exhaust vents, electrical outlets and leakage in the ducts of forced air distribution systems. Makes component leakage measurements in a total of 34houses in Atlanta, Georgia, Reno Nevada and the San Francisco Bay area. Finds damperless fireplaces and ductwork to be the most significant sources of leakage in the western houses.
Sets out the design and construction of pressure test rigs for use in studying leakage rates of windows and doorways in the Arts building of Sheffield University. Tests 7 doors (including fire doors) and selected windows, categorized according to deterioration of sealants. Finds that window leakage is far in excess of the suggested leakage from the CIBS guide (results of infiltration coefficients range from 0.911-6.097). Shows that 56% of the airflow across a doorway is due to the gap between the door bottom and the floor, and that weatherstripping the door reduces the flow by approx. 50%.
Describes Schlegel's test chamber for measuring air and water infiltration around doors and windows. This can record infiltration at any point around the frame to high light the exact source of a leak. This is used to test the company's own draughtproofing and weathersealing products and is available to door and window manufacturers for development work.
Decribes the "collector chamber" method, where a room or whole building is pressurised and the air leaking through the target areas is collected with apressure compensated chamber to a measurement device.
Reports pressure tests of the air leakage of an apartment building. The building is three storeys with a cellar above ground. There is a mechanical exhaust system and in addition every apartment has a kitchen fan.Pressure tests were made in each apartment. Leakage points were located with smoke tests. The leakage of windows and doors was determined with the "plenum" method. Each window was surrounded by a "plenum" and leakage at the boundary between plenum and wall was eliminated by an auxiliary fan which maintains the same pressure in the room as in the "plenum".
Briefly describes method for pressure testing a house. Discusses problems and limitations of method. Discusses results of 130 (de)pressurization tests carried out in dwellings in the Netherlands. Gives results of the distribution of air leakage in four houses found by measuring the leakage of all components separately.
Outlines factors influencing natural ventilation rates. Discusses techniques for measuring natural ventilation. Gives results of pressure measurements, made by the Building Research Establishment, of the leakage of houses and of tracer gas measurement of room ventilation rates. Discusses variation in air leakage rates with time. Gives results of measurements of the distribution of air leakage between components of the building shell.
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