IBPSA2007

Building use modes are important for energy consumption simulation. But few research concerns building use modes, such as people behavior of opening/closing window, room temperature for airconditioner running, and air-conditioning space and time. In this paper, a more reasonable and practical use mode approaching the reality is proposed for building performance simulation. And this mode is compared with a ‘standard use mode’ common used in most simulation tools. Results show different building use modes will influence simulation results—energy and economic evaluation for one scheme.

A liquid desiccant fresh air processor is presented whose driven force is low-grade heat (65~70℃ hot water). Inside the processor, the desired cooling source for air’s dehumidification is indoor exhaust air’s evaporative cooling energy. Multi-stage structure is used to get higher total heat recovery efficiency of indoor exhaust air. The mathematical model of the fresh air processor is set up and realized by SIMULINK procedure. As the practical liquid desiccant fresh air processor is developed, its performance is tested with average COP (cooling load divided by heat source) 1.3.

In the internally-cooled liquid desiccant dehumidifier (ICLDD), cooling medium is introduced to carry away the vaporization latent heat, which enhances effectiveness of heat and mass transfer process between liquid desiccant and air. Numerical method is adopted in this paper to analyze the performance of ICLDD. Theoretical model of heat and mass transfer process is established and verified by available experimental results.

Occupant evacuation dynamics is a kind of manybody system of strongly interacting persons. A great deal of factors should be taken into account in the study of fire evacuation, such as human behavior, fire products and architecture.

Considering the dynamic control process of thermostatic radiator valves (TRVs) and adjustement behavior of consumers, as well as heat transfer through neighborhood, the main purpose of this paper is to derive a total model for simulating and analyzing the dynamic behavior of hydraulic heating system with the control of TRVs in multi-family building, based on state space model of room dynamic performance. This is done by treating building and the heating system as complete entities. First of all the dynamic models for rooms, radiators and TRVs are derived.

Personal displacement ventilation (PDV) is a new ventilation concept that intends to combine the positive features of displacement ventilation with those of task conditioning or personalized ventilation. PDV is expected to create a micro-environment  around the occupant to control the environment individually.

Definition of heating/cooling capacity ratio (HCR) of the heat pump air conditioner has been put forward in  this study, and the relationship between supply HCR (HCRS) and demand HCR (HCRD) has been illustrated.

At room temperatures ranging from 28 to 35°C, three sensitive body parts were each exposed to local cooling airflow. Dressed in shorts, 30 randomly selected male subjects were exposed to each condition for 30 minutes and reported their local thermal sensations of all body parts, overall thermal sensation, thermal acceptability and comfort on voting scales at regular intervals.

This investigation of the window opening data from extensive field surveys in UK office buildings investigates 1) how people control the indoor environment by opening windows, 2) the cooling potential of opening windows, and 3) the use of an “adaptive algorithm” for predicting window opening behaviour for thermal simulation in ESP-r. We found that the mean indoor and outdoor temperatures when the window was open were higher than when it was closed, but show that nonetheless there was a useful cooling effect from opening a window.

This paper proposes the methodology to quantify the individual difference in temperature regulation of human body for transient simulation of body temperature. Experiments of transient thermal exposure were conducted for four subjects and the characteristics of individual difference in themoregulatory response were observed quantitatively.