IBPSA1999

EESLISM is a tool developed to simulate the whole energy system consisting of both building thermal system and mechanical system for heating and cooling and domestic hot water supply. Although the algorithm is based on the heat balance model, the algorithm is designed to reduce the size of simultaneous equations for increasing computation efficiency and simplification in developing software.

The Florida Solar Energy Center (FSEC) is developing a new software (EnergyGauge USA) which allows simple calculation and rating of energy use of residential buildings around the United States. In the past, most residential analysis and rating software have used simplified methods for calculation of residential building energy performance due to limitations on computing speed. However, EnergyGauge USA, takes advantage of current generation personal computers that perform an hourly annual computer simulation inless than 30 seconds.

A large empirical validation exercise was recently completed in the framework of International Energy Agency (IEA) Solar Heating And Cooling (SHAC) Task 22 (Building Energy Analysis Tools) (Sub-task A3 « Empirical validation »). It includes a set of 10 modelling teams using different software programs from Europe and USA. ETNA test cells (EDFFrance) have been used for this exercise. Four rounds have been completed, only the first round in blind way. At the end, different modelling problems have been corrected.

The potential of building energy simulation is now well recognised and the use of the technology by progressive energy sector companies is growing. The success of any building performance assessment hinges on the capabilities of the tool, the collective competences of the team formed to apply it and, most crucially, the rigour of the inhouse quality control procedure. Two core issues facing the professions are the management of simulation and the quality assurance of the related models and appraisal results.

This paper deals about the presentation of a new software RUNEOLE used to provide weather data in buildings physics. RUNEOLE associates three modules leading to the description, the modelling and the generation of weather data. The first module is dedicated to the description of each climatic variable included in the database.

The experiments involving clothed subjects are conducted to reproduce the situation in which people enter an air-conditioned room just after sweating, and analyzed using a combined model, which consists of two-node model for thermophysiological response of human body and simultaneous heat and moisture transfer model for thermal and hygric behavior of clothing. The experimental and calculated results of the skin temperatures, the clothing temperatures and the weight are compared.

The cooling effect caused by long wave radiation between the roof surface and the sky is studied here. The external surfaces may cool down below the dew point of the air and the condensation may form [1]. Typically, the covering of cold roofs has a low thermal resistance and the condensation may form also on its downside. These phenomena are quantified and discussed here. It is shown that the amount of condensation could be surprising high, even by temperatures of external air about 0 oC and higher.

This paper proposes a dynamic optimization technique for building heating and cooling systems. The proposed algorithm returns trajectories for space temperature setpoints throughout a specified period that will minimize objective functions such as running cost or peak energy consumption. It can be applied to buildings for which the thermal mass allows various choices of temperature setpoints. The algorithm also specifies an optimal on-off schedule for HVAC equipment. The discussion includes modeling of the building's thermal characteristics, optimization techniques, and example studies.

Energy Conservation Buildings are very effective for restraint of global warming, because they can reduce CO2 emissions in building operation, which account for 70% of Life Cycle emissions. To find the most suitable strategies for energy conservation, it is necessary to assess various combinations of energy conservation techniques based on both environmental and economic viewpoints. Since these assessments are laborious and time consuming, an assessment tool has been desired.

This research is aimed to improve indoor air quality (IAQ) in the building by using the expert system (ES) based on the artificial intelligence (AI). The diagnosis tool of IAQ and ventilation design tool corresponding to 9 kinds of pollutants were developed. For diagnosis the concentration calculated from pollution generation rate and outdoor air is compared to the standard. For designing, the ventilation rate is provided from allowed concentration and pollutant generation rate.