IBPSA1999

The physical space we experience and live in on a daily basis is controlled by the physical laws of nature, which are identified through science. For the most part, scientific data visualization has been used to present a clear and faithful representation of aspects of our physical world which are impossible to perceive. With the explosion of the Internet and recent programming technologies comes an emerging number of web sites that publish scientific, economic, physical and other types of data which describe our physical world and are updated in real-time.

This paper describes a simulation based method for the integrated performance appraisal of buildings incorporating daylight utilisation technologies. The method utilises the ESP-r [1] and RADIANCE [2] systems, running synchronously or in pre-simulation mode, to construct a multi-variate performance picture for a range of models representing alternative design intents.

The ISE (Intelligent Simulation Environment) concept, developed by CSTB since the early nineties, has been applied to the development of various Simulation Environments (such as IISiBat III for TRNSYS or IISiBat II for COMIS). This concept has also been used to develop a prototype which aims at helping researchers to document their models and to store them in a neutral way, within structured model libraries [1]. The Simulation Environments developed are very often seen by the users as “only” userfriendly interfaces, whereas they are more than that.

The main aim of this study is to derive some simple rules for an optimal management of direct electric heating in residential buildings. Optimal management should minimise the running cost of heating while maintaining comfort, in the case of control strategies involving intermittent heating. This study has been carried out with the help of numerical simulation in a graphical environment [1] in order to study the behaviour of a whole system, referred to as a simulator, which consists of the building zone, the heating system and the controller. We chose an optimisation function of a mathemati

This paper presents a method for dynamic numerical analysis of the thermal environment in an atrium. In this study, the quantity of condensation on and the quantity of evaporation from the surface of water in a small pool (water surface area, 1m2) were experimentally measured, and changes in the vertical distributions of humidity and temperature in an atrium were numerically calculated by using the Successive Integration Method. The analysis was carried out using BASIC language software.

The legislation and energy awareness have lead to increased thermal insulation levels in buildings. Consequently, heat flow, between the indoor and outdoor environments, due to thermal bridging is forming an increasing fraction of building thermal load. Accurate thermal bridging assessment is becoming more important not only to predict the heat flow, but also to predict the level of condensation and mould growth in the heating season.

The use of air flow modeling tools for building design is still limited due to lack of explicit standards governing infiltration and ventilation rates in buildings. There is also inconsistency and discrepancy in the use of such modeling tools throughout the entire design process. Lack of integration of the tools with architectural design environments as well as with other performance simulation tools further hamper their use.

It is necessary to use the dynamic simulation program to evaluate the dynamic characteristic of the HVAC system. Some dynamic system simulation programs have been developed, but researches concerning the reproducibility of the dynamic HVAC system characteristic are not so much until now. In this research, HVACSIM+ developed by NIST, USA, and TRNSYS developed by Wisconsin University solar energy laboratory, USA, is discussed for this purpose.

Sound predictions based on the wave theory were carried out on HVAC duct networks. This requires the driving wave pressure amplitude and the characteristic reflection factor for every port of every component, and the complex coherence of the driving wave pressure and the characteristic transmission factor between every two of the ports of every component. Determination techniques of these acoustic properties in the presence of airflow, and an acoustical assembly procedure of the component acoustic properties in a large-scale duct network are newly developed.

A two-dimensional numerical simulation of airflow around bluff bodies is presented in this study. The two turbulence models, i.e., standard k-e model and RNG k-e model, are employed to predict the flowfield and wind effects on bluff bodies. The results of the study highlight and compare the discrepancies between these two turbulence models in capturing the flow structure around bluff bodies, particularly in the vicinity of surfaces.