IBPSA1993

The first purpose of our work has been to allow-as far as heat transfer modes, airflow calculation and meteorological data reconstitution are concerned-the integration of diverse interchangeable physical models in a single software tool for professional use, CODYRUN. The designer's objectives, precision requested and calculation time consideration, lead us to design a structure accepting selective use of models, taldng into account multizone description and airflow patterns.

From a structural perspective, the question is whether temperature changes during the lifetime of a building are sufficient to affect its integrity. Changes in average temperature and temperature differentials are the key thermal loading parameters. Ile purpose of this paper is to show bow computer models have been used to construct design charts for thermal loading. Firstly, the models were calibrated from temperature measurements of actual structures. The field tests cover several years and a range of climatic conditions.

After a brief review of the development of thermal design tools world-wide, those available in Australia are considered and four are selected for validation. A review of validation methodologies is followed by simulation results compared with measured data obtained from simple test cells. Some preliminary results are presented The current continuation of the work is outlined.

A major case study of a high rise, city-centre of ce building in continental Europe was undertaken in a true commercial environment. Three dimensional thermal and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling was carried out for major spaces in parallel with wind tunnel tests and results compared. Three different methods were used to assess the ventilation rate in the wind tunnel tests: surface pressure coefficients, tracer gas and direct velocity measurements.

Me design of a fuzzy rule-based controller for the mixing-box of an air-handling unit is used to demonstrate how data obtained by computer simulation can be used to generate the rules. The controller uses measurements of the return and fresh air temperatures, together with the pressure drops across the dampers, to calculate values for the actuator control signals which determine the position of the dampers. The paper explains the methods used to generate the rules, discusses the choice of fuzzy reference sets and describes the approach used to produce suitable training data.

If the information generated through building simulations is to reach and influence building and design professionals it is necessary to present it in an accessible format. Most simulation programs are not sufficiently friendly for use by those who do not have specialised training. The processes involved in obtaining the information do not sufficiently reflect the usual methods of accessing information employed by designers. Many aspects of the Macintosh-based HyperCard make it well suited to the project-based contextual nature of the design process.

This paper describes ongoing research toward the development of simplified techniques for the prediction of air movement in large, naturally ventilated spaces containing hot and/or cold surfaces. Me situation where two distinct sources of heat are present on the floor of a naturally ventilated room is discussed Thermal stratification develops such that two layers of warm air form above a lower layer at ambient temperature. The heights and temperatures of these layers are predicted using forced plume theory, ie.

Assessments of the applicability of equipment or the benefits of conservation measures within a buildingsector are frequent done using energy simulations of prototypical buildings with average physical and operational characteristics. Because of the large variations in size, hours of operations, energy-use intensity, and fuel-electric ratios even among buildings of the same type, vintage, and location, such an analysis risks the danger of missing "niche" markets for strategies such as cogeneration that may be attractive only under specialized conditions.

The Energy Kernel System is an advanced machine environment intended to foster the collaborative development of the next generation of performance assessment programs. Firstly, the overall system architecture and the role of the underlying object oriented database is described and some of the underlying technology issues briefly mentioned. Then the principal classes, the methodology used to identify them and their construction and organisation is addressed. Finally the internal mode of operation of the EKS and the steps required to define a program of specified functionality are detailed.