Quantification of retrofit measures on a multi-family residential building for different European climates with detailed and simplified calculation tools

In an international simulation study, the measures to be taken with an example retrofit building at different locations were quantified in order to reach the energy demand goal of 30 to 50 kWh/m2 a of primary energy for heating, ventilation and domestic hot water production. A systematic difference in the results from the simplified and the detailed calculation tools for the building "as is" at its original location could be identified mainly by the different treatment of losses to unheated spaces. For the climates of Lucerne (Switzerland), Stockholm (Sweden) and Guimarães (Portugal), the necessary measures, such as U-values, glazing properties and solar collector area were identified.