Guidelines for energy optimization through landscape architecture in hot humid regions

The first part of the paper gives criticisms of convetional practice in landscape architecture in hot humids climates, in terms or efficient utilization of energy. Basic criticisms are: overdependence on imports, oversize of open spaces, oversize of exposed potable water, inappropriate irrigation systems, inappropiate use of plants, and mismanagement of natural resources. The second part of the paper gives recommendations for energy efficient landscape architecture in hot humids regions. The basic recommendations are: environmental conservation, site selection for climatic control, site planning and design for climatic control and water conservation, and production through landscape design.