A field study of environmental conditions and occupant comfort were carried in four office buildings in the southeast region of France. The study was made during the summer and autumn seasons, collecting a full set of physical measurements and subjective responses. The measured environmental parameters are: air temperature, operative temperature, air velocity, relative humidity, CO2 concentration, sound and light levels. The subjective responses concern the judgments of participants about the thermal environment at the moment of measurements.
Bam citadel is the greatest and oldest mudbrick construction of the world. It includes three parts of residential, military and citadel with covering an area of sq.ms 200,000. This article explores the skills of design used in urban spaces of Bam citadel with considering of environmental characteristics such as temperature, wind, sunshine, water, and vegetations and analyzes them.
The paper will summarize the results of an extensive research on sustainable architectural strategies used throughout the history in all climates, but here the results of the temperate climate will be presented. The selected case studies were investigated, regardless of their cultural diversity, ranging from prehistoric to the current settlements, and they were cross-referenced and compared to each other. The relationship between their architectural patterns is examined from a climatic point of view.
HEED (Home Energy Efficient Design) shows architects, builders, and homeowners how to design or remodel their buildings to reduce or even eliminate air conditioning loads. It is intended for use at the very beginning of the design process, when most of the critical decisions effecting energy consumption are made. This paper goes step-by-step through a typical building remodeling design using HEED.
The concern to achieve energy efficient performance during the activation of natural ventilation mode inside an office building in New Delhi, India addresses the need of study. This paper is based on a MA research project and describes the relationship observed in coordinating thermal performance and illuminance levels achieved with different depths and designs of shading devices.
This study examines the thermal behavior of an underground space via the analysis of ancient underground dwellings and computer simulation. The analysis of the cave dwellings was done to observe their thermal performance so as to validate the hypothesis of thermal stability due to the great mass of the surrounding soil. The computer simulation was performed to model the situation of a museum which differs from a cave dwelling.
Thermal comfort studies have been developed all around the world by many authors and some adaptive comfort models have been proved specifically for warm climates. An educational software developed some years ago for temperate climate, ACT (Program for the Evaluation of Thermal Comfort), by Isalgu and Serra, has been proved and used successfully by students in the Mediterranean climate of Barcelona, since 1992. This software uses an empirical model, based on Fangers PMV.
Heating, cooling and domestic hot water in buildings have high energy demands and they are associated with direct and indirect environmental problems through pollutant emissions. A dramatic increase of the installed air conditioning systems in buildings is observed during the last years. The dominant practice is that air conditioning applications rely exclusively on electrical energy while the exploitation of solar energy is mainly for domestic hot water, with few applications on space heating and very limited on space cooling.
Research studies of thermal comfort in buildings aim mostly at maintaining air temperature, especially during summer period, within the acceptable comfort conditions and with the minimum energy consumption. The contribution of wind is known to be an important parameter for natural ventilation and passive cooling of buildings. In the present work the correlation between the variation of wind and air temperature is studied for two different meteorological stations in major Athens area, where the heat island effect exists.
This paper deals with the applicability of passive and low energy cooling technologies in the Czech Republic. The work includes climate analysis as well as buildings and systems analysis in order to estimate the potential of passive and low energy cooling technologies. The latter is based on case studies, which include both building simulation and monitoring. The role of computer simulation in low energy building design and optimization is briefly discussed.
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