All habitable spaces must provide the visual andthermal comfort, in order to give the inhabitantsa living in a pleasant environment (Naturallighting, heating and cooling). This can beachieved through thermal protection during winterand through the use of suitable techniquesapplied in the exterior shell of the buildings, inorder to establish the needed insulation and airproofduring summer.The role of the exterior shell is very important,because it protects the building against unpleasantweather conditions, like strong winds,humidity, and extreme solar radiation.
Nowadays, the necessity for the reservation ofcomfortable living conditions as well as energyefficiency in the buildings sector is more andmore emerging. Towards this direction, an expertmodel for the intelligent monitoring of theenergy efficiency in conventional buildings hasbeen developed. A description of this modelwill be the aim of this paper. The general philosophyof the model is based on the principlesof the Building Energy Management Systems(BEMS).
Within the framework of EPBD and as a part ofa wider initiative to reduce energy consumptiona holistic and more complete approach is requiredfor buildings evaluation. The methodologydiscussed below is based on the developmentof an integrated analysis model, whichimplies, apart of the energy aspect, the environmentaland economic evaluation of buildings.The analysis model presented is based onthe synergy of different environmental toolssuch as LCA and ISO 14031 and economic onessuch as LCCA towards buildings compliancewith the new regulations and standards.
The most important problem for a buildingnowadays is the energy and how someone canachieve to reserve it. There is a relation betweenenvironment, energy and economy and the researchto solve the energy problem is continuouslyexpanding through new design ideas, newand smart materials and cost effective energysystems. The bioclimatic design and passive energysystems, the solar thermal collectors andphotovoltaics, the use of biomass and the smallwind turbines are some of the ways to solve theenergy problem of the buildings.
The architectural programme of educationalbuildings provides excellent opportunities forapplying environmentally sustainable designstrategies. This paper discusses the issues associatedwith this relationship and presents theconclusions of a research examining a numberof historical and contemporary built examples inGreece. It highlights the design parameterswhich have an important effect on occupantcomfort, indoor environmental quality and energyuse.
The use of Means of Transportation oftentimescreates problems that concern the waiting in thebus - stops and the discomfort of passengers dueto bad weather conditions.In order to tackle this problem a research wasconducted, which showed that a possible solutionis to create a prototype and autonomousbusstop.
The heat island effect is becoming increasinglymore intense in urban areas causing thermal discomfort,increased energy demand and acceleratingthe formation of harmful smog. The mitigationof the heat island effect can be achievedby the use of cool materials. Cool materials arecharacterized by high solar reflectance and infraredemittance values.
During the last decades, it has been observedthat the annual electricity consumption rose, especiallyduring the summer periods. It also hasreached high levels, due to the increased demandof air conditioning and refrigeration,mainly with electric systems.
Water, wind, light and mechanical effects do notonly play a role in complex engineered constructionsystems, but can also be basis for thedevelopment of construction products itself.Two examples will show how phenomenumsfound in nature have been translated into technicalapplications for coatings.Recent decades have been a very interestingand challenging period for the constructionmarket.
Benchmarking is a management approach toidentify best practices, find reasons of successand develop recommendations and implementationfor improvement. Method of building energyperformance benchmarking is discussed inthis paper. A database of office buildings inSingapore was presented and used as examplefor the data analysis and benchmarking methoddiscussion. Concepts of controllable and uncontrollablefactors of buildings energy performanceare introduced using mathematic model.Method of normalization and determination ofperformance indicators are discussed.
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