Potentially-harmful chemicals could be released from many indoor materials, including consumerproducts and building materials, into indoor environments. Semi-volatile chemicals (SVOCs) due totheir lower vapor pressure, are often present, either primarily in indoor dust or in both indoor air andindoor dust. Several types of SVOCs have been measured in indoor air and indoor dust of Ottawaresidential homes.
How to model airflow discharged from diffuser is believed to be one of the key issues in ComputationalFluid Dynamics (CFD) applications to indoor air problem. Due to the complicated geometric feature andthe vortex-type airflow induced by swirl diffuser, simulating such a kind of diffuser is claimed to be achallenge. A simplified method of defining the boundary conditions at round swirl inlets is developedand introduced in this paper.
Thermal sensation, acceptability and comfort are the important responses while evaluating the qualityof thermal environment. Experimental investigations into the relationships between these responseswere performed separately under uniform and non-uniform conditions that produced by local cooling.Thirty male Chinese subjects in college age participated the experiment and reported their local thermalsensation of each body part, overall thermal sensation, acceptability and comfort. Under uniformconditions, overall thermal sensation, acceptability and comfort are correlated closely.
The characteristics of climate in Japan are hot and humid in summer, with cold and dry winter. For thisreason, mold growing in rooms is common during summer period. On the other hand, in winter, due tospace heating, indoor environment is over-dry as a result of low humidity.
Through modeling and computing, life cycle energy consumption (LCEC) and environmentalemission (LCEE) of twelve building materials in production process are analyzed by means oflife cycle assessment (LCA). The inventory analysis includes energy upstream, transportationand production phases. Inventory analysis of energy upstream phase is carried out usingiterative computation, while direct energy consumption and environmental emission, indirectenergy consumption and environmental emission are considered. The outcomes show thatLCA integrated value (16.73) of steel production is the highest.
A life-cycle inventory model for the office buildings is developed in this paper. The environmental effectsof two different building structures, steel and concrete, are intercompared. The results show that thesteel-framed building is superior to the concrete-framed building on the following two indexes, thelife-cycle energy consumption and environmental emissions of building materials.
Background Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a very common disease with an increasing prevalence to 10-20%over the last 40 years all over the world including developing countries like China. But the reasons havenot yet been known clearly.
This study discusses how to improve energy performance standards for vapour compression chillers. Areview on the national standards adopted in the USA, Canada, Australia, the European Union, China,Chinese Taipei and Hong Kong showed that minimum allowable levels are simply stated for thecoefficient of performance (COP) of chillers at full load conditions. These requirements are insufficientto promote high efficient products. To facilitate the labelling and certification of high efficient chillers, it ismore preferable to have a classification scheme for the full load COP.
Heat gain through the exterior window accounts for 25-28% of the total heat gain, adding to theinfiltration, it is up to 40 % in hot summer and cold winter zone of china, so it is important to carry outthe sustainable window systems design with low energy consumption. The effects of window systemsincluding area ratio of window to wall and categories of glazing on energy consumption of airconditioner (AC) are simulated by using eQUEST software.
This paper explains how to enhance the energy performance of a chiller plant designed with chillers ofequal size or unequal size and having superior coefficient of performance (COP) at part load operation.A simulation study was carried out on an air-cooled centrifugal chiller plant serving an office building.Four design options with respect to the number and nominal capacity of chillers were investigated(OP1: 6 x 1124kW; OP2: 8 x 810kW; OP3: 4 x 1213kW + 2 x 810kW; OP4: 2 x 1350kW + 2 x 1107kW +2 x 801kW).
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