Recent work has been undertaken to determine the most effective passive cooling strategies to be adopted in the refurbishment of large numbers of traditional adobe dwellings in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia. To do this, thermal simulation was used to first determine the sensitivity of each building to different design parameters and then assess the potential effectiveness of a range of different passive cooling strategies. In virtually all aspects of simulation no single algorithm or methodology is perfectly suited to every modelling condition.
While most existing EU National regulations only prescribe requirements for reducing heating needs, the new EU Directive on the Energy Performance of Buildings (EPBD) requires them to be updated to also account for cooling needs. In particular, the EPBD stresses the need to effectively promote the use of passive cooling measures.
A desiccant cooling unit powered by 14.8 m2 of solar liquid collectors is implemented in a training room in Chambery in Eastern France. The system uses a Lithium Chloride sorption wheel and is optimized to work without an auxiliary heat regeneration source. Several parameters are studied in order to decrease primary energy consumption and increase system performance. The models are implemented in an object-oriented simulation environment called SPARK which allows system coupling with building models.
A model has been proposed for evaluating the discharge coefficient and flow angle at an inflow opening for cross-ventilation. This model is based on the fact that the cross-ventilation flow structure in the vicinity of an inflow opening creates dynamic similarity under the condition that the ratio of cross-ventilation driving pressure to dynamic pressure of cross flow at the opening is consistent. It was confirmed from a wind tunnel experiment that the proposed model can be applied almost regardless of wind direction and opening position.
This paper presents the technological part of activities executed in the framework of MUSEUMS Project Slovene Ethnographic Museum, Ljubljana, Slovenia. To assure thermal stability of exhibition rooms and to achieve optimal relation between air temperature and walls surface temperature a combined thermal insulation and heating-cooling wall system was designed as a low temperature large surface heating and cooling vertical system. The thermal comfort is improved because of surface temperature air temperature relation lateral radiation effect.
This study presents an experience of a bioclimatic design studio. The teaching methods used in the Architecture Course of the University of Campinas, UNICAMP Brazil are discussed. Design studio activities are combined with thermal comfort experiments and students are encouraged to evaluate design proposals through calculations and design references. Some conclusions are drawn, particularly regarding student design quality.
This paper is focused on passive cooling techniques and especially on natural and hybrid ventilation as part of energy rehabilitation measures during an office renovation project. Natural, hybrid and mechanical ventilation was designed to decrease cooling demands and to obtain acceptable indoor air quality for the various needs. In some cases mixing of indoor and outdoor air was implemented. Air-draft problems were solved rearranging the type and the use of windows and using proper the air-grids.
The objective of this work was to experimentally investigate the influence of vent type and of insect proof screens on ventilation rate of a round arch plastic covered greenhouse. The greenhouse was equipped with side roll-up windows and a flap roof window and is located at the University of Thessaly near Volos in the coastal area of Eastern Greece. Microclimate variables as well as the greenhouse ventilation rate (G) were measured.
This paper presents internal pressure coefficients and discharge coefficients in a building with wind-driven cross-ventilation caused by sliding window openings on two adjacent walls. The study found that both coefficients vary considerably with the opening area and the inlet to outlet ratio.
Requirements on working environment in office buildings according to Czech law express optimal air temperature, globe temperature, humidity and air velocity. In the case of historic library office hall with skylights, located in the centre of Prague the main problem was overheating during summer period. Paper describes problem analysis using CFD tools, measurements and building energy performance modelling tool, design of energy efficient and sustainable measures and evaluation of results.
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