Japanese traditional buildings have many features, which are effective for cooling interior. For examples, “farm house” has thatched roof, large window and earthen floor, and “storehouse” has a roof with air gap and thick mortar wall. It is important to a
Implementing low energy design principles and measures in buildings depends on a series of architectural, structural and legal parameters. A buildings design, as well as its operational patterns, has increasingly to comply with tightening comfort, health and aesthetic requirements. And all this in view of the fact that the application of techniques like natural and evaporative cooling, sun protection and hybrid energy production systems based on renewable energy sources, are not always easily applicable in the densely built and environmentally burdened urban ambient.
An in-dept analysis of a large office building built in the 60s (occupied by the Italian Ministry for the Environment, chosen for its representativity of buildings built in the 50s and 60s) has been performed. A software model of the building has been created and used to simulate its behaviour in the climate zone of Rome, using a dynamic simulation software.
The fresnel lens concept is suggested for solar control of the building in order to keep the illumination and the interior temperature at the comfort level. The collection of 60%-80% of the transmitted solar radiation through the fresnel lens on linear absorbers leaves the rest amount to be distributed in the interior space for the illumination and thermal building needs. The fresnel lenses can be combined with Thermal, Photovoltaic, or hybrid type Photovoltaic/Thermal small width absorbers to extract the concentrated solar radiation in the form of heat, electricity or both.
The spatial and material configuration of a building, its dimensions, orientation and fabric are crucial for the choice of the environmental retrofitting strategies to be used. These include innovative daylighting, cooling and control systems, as well as different types of space-related ventilation systems, such as transition spaces, stack devices, ventilation shafts and faadeventilation, including double-skin faade.
Solar radiation is an important source of heat gain into the building and plays an important role as far as thermal comfort in a dwelling is concerned. In summer and in hot climate regions, the thermal gain of a building exceeds the thermal comfort level of the inhabitants and cooling is desirable. The high insolation may be utilized to provide the necessary ventilation cheaply.
The aim of this paper is to confront the designers practice knowledge on the behavior of natural ventilation due to wind action in housing buildings with complex internal partitions against experimental analogical airflow visualization. The methodology consisted of a survey with a group of architects, followed by experimental airflow visualization in physical scale models of a housing building, developed with a water table. The results from the survey showed that the architects were divided regarding the best and worst natural ventilation performance among the tested housing units.
Numerical simulations and computational fluid dynamics can be usefully integrated with architectural modeling, providing designers with a powerful single CFD based architectural modeling and design framework. This framework can be interfaced with the building thermal performance modeling, integrating further fully thermal and flow domains within the architectural modeling.
This paper concentrates on the results of sustainability caused by natural cooling systems in Iranian traditional architecture of hot-arid regions. Sustainability in architecture means conserving constructions for the future, in terms of physical durability planet protect conserving on energy resources. In this case, it seems that sustainability would be based on the introduction productive models in which available materials and resources are used more efficiently, rather than being ignored.
Traditionally, a home for the elderly aimed exclusively at the accommodation and care of people of the 3rd and 4th age. In a modern and continuously evolving society, how this can remain stagnant? This design, which was presented as a diploma design work at the Architecture Department of the University of Patras, constitutes a new idea, a revision and redefinition of the meaning of a home for the elderly. A strong emphasis is placed on modern way of life and how this can influence the needs of old people and be influenced by them.
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