Today, the development of computer makes the accurate performance analysis of complex system by simulation available for most of the research community, and very soon for every concerned engineer. However, the simulationist approach requires a strong investment on the modelling of the system behaviour. This paper deals with a basic contribution on domestic hot water gas or fuel oil boiler models, usable for large scale simulation involving building and HVAC.
This paper summarizes the results of numerous building energy analysis and design tool evaluation exercises carried out under lEA Task VIII: Passive and Hybrid Solar Low Energy Buildings. These exercises have included: Empirical validation of detailed simulations using passive solar test room data from Canada, Switzerland and the U.S. Code to code comparison of detailed simulations for severa¡ passive solar system types in Copenhagen and Denver.
In order to create a simulation model of a building, it is usually necessary to make a number of assumptions and/or approximations about the building being simulated. Many physical quantities cannot be known precisely when the building is being simulated. For example, the real amount of infiltration is almost never known because it is impossible to predict accurately and difficult to measure. Other examples include quantity and type of internal mass, thermophysical properties of building materials, ground temperatures, and equipment efficiencies.
In thermal simulation codes for buildings, aeraulic transfers are computed either with very simplified models (fixed air distribution) or with sophisticated models (based on the computation of the pressure fields). The simplified models are not accurate enough and the sophisticated models are too complicated for only thermal computations. An intermediate model has been developed. This new model is based on the computation of the temperature fields and on the knowledge of an average air distribution due to air leakage and specific ventilation.
Much research has been directed towards development of software environments that allow easy construction of building simulation models of widely varying structure and purpose. For example, TRNSYS has been in use for a number of years. Recently, several new such environments have been proposed. In spite of a considerable variation in model description formats among environments, the underlying mathematical models of physical processes are very similar.
This papers introduces an emulation system for simulation of the thermal process of building and plant named ESAC (Emulation Set for Air-Conditioning systems) developed in 1984, and a prototype system was presented in 1985 (1), since then a great progress has been made and several applications have been explored.
Most advantage eco buildings libraries select, organize, retrieve, and transmit tacit andexplicit information/knowledge. Different reports contained an explicit criticism of thelibraries focus on their specific collections and a recommendation to focus more on userneeds. There is a need to overpass the key limitations in the development of traditionallibraries, which have been developed for a particular content and a specific group oflearners. We suppose that the future libraries will become a practical knowledgestorehouse and will offer intelligent opportunities for people.
A Post Occupancy Evaluation was performed in the Administration and Student ServicesBuilding (ASSB) in Southampton University as part of the European project SustainableArchitecture Applied to Replicable Public-Access Buildings (SARA). This building wasfinished in the spring of 2006, and the staff has been asked to comment on itsperformance over the first summer and winter.
An analysis of the energy consumption of the built environment in Europe shows that themain challenge to achieve substantial energy reductions in this sector lies in improving theenergy efficiency of the existing stock rather than in designing and building energy efficientnew dwellings. This challenge is especially pungent when taking into account the buildingstock of former Eastern European countries, where energy efficiency was never a greatissue and where investments in energy efficiency are difficult to find.This is area where the EU - funded project Demohouse is focusing on.
In reaction to the European Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD), existing and newlylanced standard developments by CEN (European Committee for Standardization) were harmonizedand synchronized, resulting in a set of about 50 standards addressing different aspects of the EPBDand the implementation of an overall building energy performance calculation method. A few of themaddress simulation issues:An overview of these is given, focusing on one standard covering system related aspects for buildingswith cooling, humidification or dehumidification.
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