The model coupling problem (MCP) is a general non trivial problem raised by the universal choice of modularity as a conceptual base for object programming and search for efficiency in software tools development. Despite the apparent universality of the problem, it does not lead to a clear common formulation; on the contrary numerous "schools" of developers seem to dig gaps among the IBPSA community. We explore in this paper the origin of the misunderstanding, and propose a tentative conceptual tool aiming towards an international comprehensive articulation of BPSA projects.
Dimensioning programs for heating radiator networks are still today cumbersome to use. This project is trying to develope easy to use and fast calculation methods for the dimensioning and balancing of radiator networks. The main idea is to integrate the dimensioning and balancing program with the CAD software. Objectoriented programming and building product modelling methods are utilized in the prototype program.
CAD manufacturers are providing an increasing amount of integrated building design software. These integrated CAD systems have few, if any, facilities to assess building performance. The building design profession is increasing its use of performance assessment tools for traditional and refurbishment design and not just technologically advanced design. Performance assessment tools will continue to grow in importance as building technology moves towards providing Intelligent Buildings.
The simulation complexity of the thermal behaviour of buildings can be reduced by splitting it up as a hierarchical system of linked components. The behaviour of each component and its relations to the other components are modelled by an object oriented approach. We describe an Ada implementation of these concepts and a simple example of a multilayer wall at the end of this article.
From the observation that existing simulation programs exploit neither the subjacent parallelism in building energy management problems nor parallel computer possibilities, we develop certain principles and apply them to a well-known program, TRNSYS.
The current generation of building simulation software is based upon separate building, mechanical system, and equipment simulations. This scheme evolved primarily because of memory limitations of the computers which were used to develop the programs. Hardware advancements have eliminated some of these limitations so the separate building and system scheme needs to be reevaluated.
Increasing design standards within the building industry mean that some form of pre-construction testing of the building envelope is required. Expensive and time consuming field tests are becoming more impractical whereas the cost-effectiveness and greater flexibility of computer simulations will allow them to play an increasing role in building design. An expanding database of actual construction properties is needed to assist the use and advancement of existing models.
The air flow pattern and temperature distribution in a naturally ventilated classroom were simulated using CFD techniques. The simulation model consists of equations for the conservation of mass, momentum and thermal energy, taking account of the effects of buoyancy and obstacles in the room. The well known k-e turbulence model was used to simulate the effect of air turbulence. Close to the inside surface of the room and the obstacle boundary, the wall-function equations were used for momentum and heat flux. Heat sources existing in the classroom were included in the simulation.
Mathematical models are presented that account for the mass transport processes associated with isothermal reversible sorption in building materials. These models account for a) the equilibrium limits of reversible sorption processes, b) boundary layer diffusion transport at the adsorbent surface, and/or c) diffusion transport within the adsorbent proper. Three distinct families of models are formulated with individual members of each family distinguished by the sorption equilibrium relation used in their formulation.
The developments in the computer-aided building design will enable designers to improve the energy performance in buildings, through a more appropriate design which will be better structured, will learn from previously accumulated knowledge (e.g., heuristics, databases), and will use new methods for the generation and evaluation of the design alternatives.
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