Building performance simulation is reviewed, with and emphasis on its role as a means to bring buildings into a better balance with the human and natural environments.
A solar wall is a complex part of the building envelope, as it acts as an energy collector, passing solar energy from the exterior surface into the building with a time delay and in the same time reducing thermal losses during periods with no sunshine. A module for simulating solar walls in a Danish building simulation program (tsbi3) has been developed to analyze the interaction between a solar wall and the building behind.
The layout of air-conditioning systems in building varies dramatically owing to the differences in conceptual design and the relationship between building and plant topologies. Nevertheless all air-conditioning systems have the same basic components which are responsible for the underlying thermofluids and psychrometric functions. Based on a first principles approach, the mass and energy flow in various air-handling equipment has been investigated. 20 primitive parts have been identified which can be put into the ESP-r system to simulate real air han Wing systems.
We present the SYMBOL project which is based on a modular approach of modeling. The main objectives of this project is to develop a coherent set of modeling tools which can be assembled in order to simply build particular and adapted modeling programs and to allow handling of "natural" concepts during the modeling process. The paper will deal mainly with the modularity of the SYMBOL'environment, and the needed formalism and abstraction effort made in the SYMBOL project.
Building energy simulation is playing an increasingly important role in the development and implementation of building energy codes and standards in the United States. This trend parallels a progression over the past 15 years from the use of largely prescriptive methods for encouraging energy-efficient building design to reliance on more performanceoriented approaches. A multiyear research project is currently under way to develop a methodology on which to base future energy performance standards for the design of new commercial buildings.
This paper deals with the validation methodology used within the PASSYS project focusing on the developed method for empirical whole model validation of building energy simulation programs. The paper further discusses and describes how high quality data sets for empirical whole model validation are obtained within PASSYS.
Three complementary approaches may be used in the evaluation of the performance of building control systems-simulation, emulation and field testing. In emulation a real-time simulation of the building and HVAC plant is connected to a real building energy management system (BEMS) via a hardware interface. Emulation has the advantage of allowing controlled, repeatable experiments whilst testing real devices that may contain proprietary algorithms.
This paper discusses the use of the computer program DAYLIGHT, as a method of analysing and evaluating the natural lighting in buildings. The computer's design parameters and outputs are discussed in some detail, and the program is then used to examine some of the standard design criteria. The paper concludes with a case study of a primary school building to evaluate the accuracy and usefulness of the program.
Presently, the building performance analysis requires to take accuratly into account the coupling effects between building, HVAC and control. For large scale systems, this implies the intensive use of the simulation tools.Today, the existing tools are not flexible enough for this purpose. The present paper describes the development of a more adequate tool : CSTBt. This tool is built on the TRNSYS core (University of Madison), but offers a more adapted library of solvers and component models concerning the building envelope and the hot water heating network.
The simplified thermaI simulation of buiIdings is particularly useful for both bioclimatic design and the selection of the most suitable HVAC systems. The LEGO computer program was prepared in order to simulate the conventional HVAC plant-building systems and the complex systems Iike seasonal storage tank and solar collector plants. Therefore, it is possible with this kind of program to study the interaction among the various systems by means of combination of different simulation subroutines. In this way, a more accurate dimensioning of the systems can be achieved.
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