A new statistic for quantifying climate, Infiltration Degree-Days, is introduced. These serve the same function for infiltration and infiltration-related processes that standard degree-days have served for conduction and conduction-related p
Outlines the foundations for calculating and designing natural ventilation: conditions for the building unit: technological prerequisites: components: sound insulation: calculation methods: fields of application: combination of mechanical and natural ventilation: and models for optimization of new buildings and for reconstructing factories.
Reviews literature on indoor air quality in housing, nature of contaminants and their sources, health effects, standards and guidelines, impact of air sealing on indoor air quality, sources of uncontrolled air leakage, airtightness and natural ventilation, airtightness of new and existing housing stock, air change in new and existing housing, impact of air sealing on airtightness and ventilation, indoor air quality in tight houses, impact of occupant behaviour on ventilation, measures to improve indoor air quality, identifying problem houses, indoor pollution control strategies, and ventila
Examines providing some existing multifamily houses with mechanical ventilation with heat exchanger by installing new inlet air ducts to bring back the heat contents of the outlet air.
The text of a paper on ventilation equipment and systems for existing air-tight houses, presented at the Bouwcentrum/Vakinfo one-day conference, Rotterdam, November 1, 1984. Treats the application of 1. natural ventilation systems with vertical ducts and adjustable openings, 2. the same with mechanical exhaust via kitchen, bathroom, and toilet, 3. mechanical supply to all rooms and exhaust via kitchen, bathroom, and toilet, 4. balanced supply and exhaust. Treats the possibility of the private buyer or tenant estimating the quality of the house.
Natural ventilation has a specific significance in creating a tolerable environment in manufacturing plants with high technological heat loads. Equations for the calculation of natural ventilation for single storey industrial halls are derived from the mesh procedure, as well as other solutions for other buildings. Guidelines are given for the draught-free introduction of supply air. Reference is made to other design possibilities for the natural ventilation of buildings.
In newly built well insulated houses, a wind of 4 m/s will produce an air change rate of almost 0.3 h-1. However it is considered necessary to obtain air change rates of 0.7 h-1.
A steady state multi-cell calculation model has been developed in order to predict the interconnection between airtightness and ventilation rates. The model has been tested with measured leakage data of a detached house.
Current moisture analysis methods for walls ignore air leakage effects or are not directly applicable to multilayered walls. Mathematical equations were developed for water vapour flow, vapour pressures, and moisture accumulation under steady state conditions with homogeneous one dimensional air flow through a multilayered wall.
The determination of an acceptable range of humidity is complicated by the conflicting effects of an increase or decrease in humidity levels on the speed of chemical interactions and growth of biological organisms and pathogens that may affect human health and comfort.
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