Ships are very demanding on the ventilation systems that need to be installed. The reasons forthis are manifold. The following paper will address the problems around the ventilation layout for a typical RoRo-Ferry and will show how CFD can help the designers to optimize the system. One new area of interest is the simulation of fire to optimize the fire suppression systems in engine rooms of RORO vessels.

The paper deals with research on capture efficiency of reinforced exhaust system equipped withhorizontal slot exhaust hood, capture efficiency of which is increased by radial flow of supply air through a slot in hood flange. Investigation was carried out with the use of tracer gas method applied in order to measure the capture efficiency of the system, interferometric method in order to visualize tracer gas propagation from different sources, and smoke method in order to make flow patterns at exhaust system visible.

Within the last years CFD has become an essential tool to investigate and optimize concepts of train coaches during an early design stage to achieve best results without major modifications of the final design. The simulation of the current railroad double deck coach gives some special challenges because of the complex channel system and the different boundary conditions on each floor. First the air duct including the outlet vents is investigated and optimized. The results are used as boundary condition for the simulation of the passenger's compartment.

The main motivation behind research on control of the thermal environment inside a vehicle cabin, is since long time thermal comfort for the passengers. However, the consequences of bad thermal control in vehicle cabs go beyond the aspect of personnel thermal comfort: the processes of driver sleepiness and fatigue, two major causes for traffic accidents worldwide, are unambiguously
influenced by the present thermal comfort. This research intends to make a start with the integration

A new standard, ISO/DIS 14505 is under preparation, dealing with the assessment of the thermal environment in vehicles, based on the equivalent temperature. The scope of this paper is to demonstrate the different results obtained when evaluating the thermal environment inside a vehicle, using the three well known parameters, air temperature, operative temperature and equivalent temperature. The tests were carried out in the winter season during heat-up of the vehicle cabin.

Equivalent temperature is a thermal index used today for assessment of the thermal comfortin vehicles. Prediction of the percentage of people dissatisfied by the thermal environment iscalculated by implementing equivalent temperature in the PMV/PPD thermal index. In this work,PMV/PPD and PD (draft rate) indices are compared for vehicle conditions, with respect to air velocity and turbulence intensity. Results indicate that turbulence intensity must be taken in consideration for higher air velocities and that PD is the predominant thermal index after a certain air velocity is reached.

The paper presents experiment results of emission rates of HCHO from Medium DensityFiberboard (MDF, JIS grade E2) using three different test chambers. In this study, a full-scale stainless steel test chamber (19.68m3), a boundary layer type small test chamber (0.4m3), and a field and laboratory emission cell (FLEC, 3.510-5m3) were used. The coefficient of air change performance within the three test chambers was examined by CFD analysis. The convective mass transfer coefficient of HCHO from MDF was computed by CFD and the emission experiment.

An experimental study was conducted in a field environmental chamber with the aim of comparingceiling-based mixing ventilation (MV) system and under-floor supply system (UF) from the perspectives of indoor air quality and thermal comfort. Six tropically acclimatized female subjects participated in the experiments and they were required to complete a set of questionnaire pertaining to IAQ and thermal sensation every 20 minutes during each exposure of 2 hours.

This paper reports the effect of adsorptive building materials in reducing formaldehyde inindoor air. Although some studies have reported that adsorptive building materials are effective inreducing concentrations in chamber experiments, there are few studies which are carried out in actual room. In this paper we examine the reduction effect of changing the surface area of the adsorptive material in a room and the most effective arrangement of the material. We confirmed that the reduction effect is not always proportional to the adsorption surface area.

For underfloor air distribution (UFAD) systems, more rapid mixing of the supply air with ambient airis desirable for better thermal comfort, and swirling air diffusers are usually used. In order to rigorously simulate the flow characteristics of such diffusers, we used the multi-grid technique and validated it with experimental results. In this paper, the technique is used to compare the square diffuser and the swirling diffuser.