Indoor air quality and occupancy levels were investigated in seventeen bars , before and after the smoking ban that took effect on September 1, 2005 in Austin, Texas. Number of occupants, number of lit cigarettes, temperature, relative humidity, room volume, PM 2.5, CO and CO2 concentrations have been measured for that study. Results and conclusions are presented.
In this paper, the authors describe health risks associated with indoor environments , then relevant policy issues in US and barriers to reduce IEQ risks are discussed, both through public policy and the marketplace. In the end, policy recommendations are provided on how to overcome these barriers to achieve healthier home environments.
This paper presents a comparison of CFD predictions, using the large eddy simulation model (LES), with experimental data obtained with the particle image velocimetry technique (PIV). At all five monitoring locations, a good agreement was found between the LES predicted and the PIV measured velocity components. The main aim of the study was to analyze the temporal variation of the experimental data.
Results of a pilot study published by Shaughnessy et al. 2006, demonstrated a modest association between class room ventilation rates and student performance in math standardized test scores, and also a need for further studies with larger sample size and more comprehensive assessment of indoor environmental quality (IEQ). A new school district in the USA with approximately 50 schools has undergone a thorough assessment protocol and the data is currently being analyzed. This paper focuses on these data, specifically on observations of potential contributors to poor IEQ.
There is pronounced interest of engineers in new systems for storey smoke control system.The operational principle of this system is based on independent smoke removal from each storey. Independent ducts with fans and outlets are built for each floor of the building. For this approach it is important to safety remove smoke from the building. One of the proposed approaches is to use nozzle type outlets characterized with high flow and velocity to evacuate combustion products from the building.
The potential for draught discomfort and high air velocities in the occupied zone are often studied with only cooling design in mind. During the transition season, however, downward flows with high air velocities may occur in the occupied zone due to cold window surfaces. Airflow generated by supply air terminal dervices may further enhence the velocity in the occupied zone. Furthermore, convection flows caused by thermal loads may significantly affect the air flow conditions in the room as a whole and assist the occurance of high velocity near occupants.
The aim of that paper was to provide input data to design and energy performance calculations of buildings and ventilation, heating, cooling and lighting systems. The new standard has been developed based on existing international standards and guidelines for the indoor environment.
The aim of this paper is to present parameters of a new design code, which is intended to control the indoor air environment for sports buildings in China. The characteristics of indoor airflow include the parameters of indoor air environment of gymnasiums and natatoriums, air velocity, temperature, humidity and fresh air volume.
For that paper, twelve flights from 4.4 to 6.5 hours in duration, on Boeing 767 aircraft were evaluated. During those flights operations, two air cooling packs and 50 % recirculation rate were used and operated efficiently to remove fungal spores The data demonstrate the importance of passenger activity as the source of fungi observed on aircraft.
A numerical method to evaluate the intensities of pollutant sources is presented in this paper along with a reconstruction of the associated concentration field at every point of a ventilated enclosure containing one or several pollutant sources of unknown emission rate.