The life cycle cost (LCC) of the heating and ventilation system was simulated for a typical multi family dwelling and a typical detached house. Different ventilations systems were simulated resulting in different heating system designs. A health related cost dependent on the airflow rate which was based on recent studies was added to the life cycle cost. The health related costs are not analyzed but varied in a parametric study. An optimal airflow rate can be found depending on the assumed size of the health related cost.

The significant public health effects of ambient air pollution are mostly caused by exposures in indoor environments, where we spend over 90 % of our time. Indoor concentrations of air pollutants are in general higher than and often also independent of the outdoor air concentrations. In average, urban outdoor air contributes significantly to indoor concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), benzene and some other aromatic VOC:s, ozone (O3), and fine particulate matter (PM2.5), but not to, e.g., most VOCs and carbonyls or to the highest concentrations of CO and PM.

This paper summarizes the current scientific evidence that improved indoor environmentalquality can improve work performance and health. The review indicates that work and schoolwork performance is affected by indoor temperature and ventilation rate. Pollutant source removal can sometimes improve work performance. Based on formal statistical analyses of existing research results, quantitative relationships are provided for the linkages of work performance with indoor temperature and outdoor air ventilation rate.

In this article the authors discussed the issue of how to design a healthy building from three viewpoints : - the importance of an environmental sustainability that contributes to health, productivity and quality of life. - the human influence on healthy indoor air- and ongoing developments in controlling emissions from products and building materials ( low chemical emissions and good fungal resistance).

Small energy efficient fans have become commercially available for use in HVAC-systems; this open up new possibilities for alternative design of air distribution systems. In this paper the effect of integrating small fans in duct systems is investigated. Modelling and measurements shows that this design has the potential to save energy. When integrating fans in a duct system it is important to consider the system as a whole to find the most energy efficient system solution.

This article examines the effectiveness of air cleaners ranging from portable to duct-mounted devices and lists a variety of technologies that claim to remove particulate matter, chemicals/odors, VOCs and other pollutants. Determination of performance indices and summary of test results are presented.

In this article, models for estimating how the indoor environment quantitatively affects sick leave and work performance are presented. Working environment, facility services, personal motivation, psychological aspects are factors, other than IEQ, that affect work performance too.

Standard 62 was first published in 1973, the latest version designated as 62.1 was published in 2004 . Throughout its existence, that standard has generated controversy on the one hand and has served the building industry for ventilation and IAQ on the other hand. This article attempts to explain some of the concerns regarding that standard, and to counter some of the issues that have been raised.

Ultrafine particle (UFP) exposures can cause oxidative stress and inflammation in the lungs. The objective of that study was to examine the contribution of home heating systems such as electric baseboard heaters, wood stoves, forced-air oil/natural gas furnace, to indoor UFP exposures. The results of the cross-sectional survey conducted in 36 homes in the cities of Montreal, Quebec and Pembroke are presented. The authors' findings suggest that home heating systems are not important determinants of indoor UFP exposures.

15 single-family houses with attached garages in southeast Michigan have been investigated for that study whose aim was to characterize VOC concentrations, exposures, airflows, and source apportionments.39 VOC species were detected indoors, 36 in the garage, and 20 in ambiant air. Garagz/indoor ratios and multizone IAQ models show that nearly all of the benzene and most of the fuel-related aromatics in the houses resulted from garage sources. Their conclusion are presented.