Energy efficiency was a significant by-condition in the design work of the New Block (23, 700 m²; 255, 100 ft²) of the University Hospital in the city of Linkoping in Sweden. The block is made up of several interconnecting buildings of between two to four floors, and contains the Heart Centre, the Ear Centre and the Clinic for Infectious Diseases. The principal aim of the design work was to decrease the electrical energy end-uses for air distribution, cooling and lighting (electronic ballasts, occupancy sensors).

Occupant controlled HVAC systems offer inhabitants of open office spaces some degree of control over their immediate microclimate typically by control of air supplied at floor or desk top level. Productivity gains have been attributed to these systems but it is unclear whether these systems will use less energy than conventional HV AC systems. It is also not clear what the controlling parameters will be. To study energy consumption, a simplified model of the thermal environment was created for an occupant controlled system.

Occupancy sensors have the potential to significantly reduce energy use by switching off electrical loads when a normally occupied area is vacated. While occupancy sensors can be used to control a variety of load types, their most popular use has been to control lighting in commercial buildings. Manufacturers claim savings of 15% to 85%, although there is little published research to support the magnitude or timing of reductions.

This paper describes a building analysis model for Russian multi-family housing, an array of possible retrofits, and the energy analyses for these buildings. It also describes the Russian retrofit project that will use these analyses to specify more than $300M of retrofits across six cities. The research was done under the Enterprise Housing Divestiture Project, a Government of Russia project with partial financing from the World Bank. A special version of the Facility Energy Decision System [FEDS] model was developed for use on Russian multi-family buildings.

It's 10:00 PM. Do you know what your building is doing? Is the economizer set to maximum outside air? Has the lighting control system, be it human or machine, switched circuits off in unoccupied areas? What percentage of your personal computers is running?

Procedures were developed and tested to conduct a quick and reliable evaluation of weatherization program energy savings using heating system nm-time loggers. This project performed: (1) a statistical analysis to determine the measurements and assessment constraints on short-term nm-time monitoring, and (2) a field test of the data collection procedures with three weatherization providers.

There are many hurdles in the road to widespread adoption of energy-efficient heating and cooling (HVAC) equipment in homes. These hurdles include increased first cost, lack of sufficient financing, historic lack of aggressive marketing by HVAC equipment dealers, and lack of consumer awareness. This paper reports on the design and progress of the ENERGY STAR market-based approach to overcome these hurdles to encourage the widespread manufacture and purchase of highly efficient heating and cooling equipment.

Residential new construction and renovation programs, home energy rating systems programs and energy efficient mortgage instruments are some of the many ways that local energy utilities and other state or federal agencies attempt to increase the supply and demand of energy efficient housing.

Thermal distribution systems represent the most promising opportunities for cost-effective energy savings in residential new construction. This paper describes the results of an unusual but on-going collaboration between the building industry, the environmental community, the research community, and the regulators to develop cost-effective, implementable procedures for improved heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HV AC) duct system design, fabrication, and installation

A five-year initiative between the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) demonstrated the feasibility of improving the energy efficiency of publicly assisted housing. Twenty-seven projects and activities undertaken during 1990-95 involved research and field demonstrations, institutional and administrative changes to HUD policies and procedures, innovative financing and leveraging of federal dollars with non-federal money, and education, training, and technical assistance.