An investigation of the performance of a recently built estate of over 50 low-energy rental dwellings indicated that there was a slight but significant increase in electricity use of the “super low energy” designs over the control “low energy” designs. The “super low energy” designs included, in addition to the enhanced fabric specification of the “low-energy” types, active systems such as mechanical ventilation, solar DHW panels and enhanced space heating systems.

ADEME (French Agency for Environment and Energy Management) regularly commissionssurveys of the attitudes and behaviour of private citizens with regard to energy, andperiodically it also commissions more detailed surveys relating to a particular appliance.The purpose of the survey is to take stock of changing attitudes in households with regard totheir use of energy and to assess the impact of ADEME's policies relating to the home.The questionnaire covers the following aspects: description of the work carried out during theyear surveyed, tax allowances and/or grants applicable to certain ki

US Manufactured homes are required to be built to Department of Housing and Urban Development’s Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards (MHCSS.) The National Fire Protection Association recently updated ventilation standards for manufactured h

The relationships between indoor environment and health, well being and ability to acquire knowledge are unquestionable. These are the reasons why in many countries a high level of indoor environment is required in school buildings. The goal of the paper is to compare the real state of the environment in classrooms in Poland with accepted requirements and standards. The evaluation of the existing situation is based on indoor environment measurements in 28 classrooms in Warsaw.

This paper investigates passive displacement flows in a simple, two-compartment building that comprises a single storey connected to an atrium. Heat gains in the storey and solar gains in the atrium create a stack pressure which drives a ventilating flow. A model is developed to determine the steady flow rate and thermal stratification for a range of heat gains, storey and atrium heights, and ventilation opening areas.

Loading of ventilation components with dust may affect air handling systems performances andcontribute to poor indoor air. A lot of standardised test method for ventilation componentscharacterisation - filters, fans, heat exchangers, extract air terminal devices etc. - exist but allthese methods describe initial performance determination except for filters which are alsocharacterised by dust loading test.The aim of our study was to define a laboratory dust loading test method of extract air terminaldevices and to validate results comparing to on-site results.

This paper presents a recent field measurement study undertaken in 1999 on 73 recent Frenchdwellings. The study presented the opportunity to assess the conformity and the performancesof the dwelling ventilation systems and to assess the impact of infiltration on airchange rates.The following aspects were analyzed : (1) the type of ventilation facilities in the dwellings ;(2) the defaults in the installed systems and in their operation ; and (3) the measured air flowrates, as compared to the French standard required levels.

At present the design pressure difference for air inlets in The Netherlands is 1 Pascal. This paperinvestigates the question whether or not this value is still appropriate.In recent years the airtightness of dwellings has improved remarkably. Self adjusting air inletshave been introduced on the market. What is the effect of these changing building features onthe pressure difference over the building envelope?

In France, the regulation on residential building ventilation is based, since 1969, on a generaland continuous air renewal ; the fresh air comes into habitable rooms by air inlets and thestale air is drawn out to exhaust vents in the service rooms. So the air inters the habitablerooms crosses through the dwelling, is extracted in the service rooms.The Research and Development Division of Gaz de France and the CSTB have studied theneeds in each room of a dwelling (depending on the size and the occupancy) to perform newventilation system(s).

This paper presents the results of ventilation measurements taken in a non-occupied one-storey dwelling situated in the countryside. The measurements of the ventilation rates in the different rooms have been obtained by the use of tracer gases with the constant concentration technique. Four configurations of ventilation systems have been tested successively. The ventilation systems tested consist of natural air supply and mechanical exhaust. Both 'normal' air supply grilles and self-regulating grilles have been tested.