There are basically two ventilation principles that can be utilised in a room: mixing ventilation (denoted MV) and displacement ventilation (denoted DV). In MV, air with high velocity is supplied outside the zone of occupancy, which ideally gives uniform temperature and concentration in the room. In DV, cool air with low velocity is supplied in the lower part of the room. Contaminated air and heat is transported towards the ceiling by the convection currents set up by heat sources, where is is extracted.

The paper shows detailed measurement of the air distribution in a room ventilated by mixing ventilation according to the specifications given by the International Energy Agency work. (Energy Conservation in Buildings and Community Systems programme, Annex 20). It describes a number of flow elements and how they are used as design tools. The flow elements are the throw of an isothermal jet and the change in jet velocity when the jet moves from the upper to the lower part of the room. A third flow element is the penetration length of a non-isothermal wall jet.

At present, the studies of thermal comfort of occupants and indoor air quality are mainly not conducted in an apartment unit, but in a single room. Meanwhile, some factors are not taken into account in the research. Additionally, the energy is in short supply all over the world. So, it is necessary to study the distributions of microclimate primary factors of an apartment with view to energy conservation. The object of our study was to study the thermal comfort of occupants and indoor air quality in an apartment unit.

The complex design, build, maintain and retrofit process has been mapped in order to provide a logical structure and flow for the kitchen design system. The developed prototype kitchen design concept demonstrates the capabilities and requirements of a truly integrated and efficient design process. The design of the professional kitchen environment follows the methodology of the industrial design process. The kitchen layout design and time dependent internal loads are specified through the understanding of a specific restaurant and its food service process.

The purpose of this article is to evaluate the performance of an irregular grids finite volume method described in previous article with the use of standard test problem. In this regard, lid-driven cavity and skewed cavity flow have assessed the accuracy of the algorithm. The ability of the method to handle complex geometry is illustrated through some examples of airflow distribution in buildings with complex geometric configuration.

An irregular grids finite volume procedure is presented for flows in complex geometries. The technique carried out computation in the physical plane itself, without any coordinate transformation. Equations are written in Cartesian velocity components and are discrete in physical domain using a cell-centred, staggered grid finite volume method. It is shown that the present formulation ensures that computational scheme is diagonally dominant.

In air conditioning system, air blowing patterns have very important influence on the comfortable state and the energy consumption of air conditioning environment. When pulse-blowing pattern is adopted, different density particle can gain different acceleration due to the change of airflow acceleration in pulse blowing. For the particle with higher temperature and larger humidity, its density is smaller and its acceleration is smaller in pulse blowing.

Measurement data and analysis of air distribution in one gymnasium is presented in which the airflow is isothermal. The region considered includes both workaround and non-workaround, which can describe the airflow pattern of this gymnasium correctly. Based on measured data, the airflow pattern of the HVAC system is analysed. And the characteristic of airflow pattern in this kind of large space is summed up. Then some conclusions are drawn as a guide for airflow pattern designing in large space of the similar type.

The increased sensibility, as far as the environmental demands are concerned, has intensified the research which aims at minimizing the energy consumption in buildings as well. In order to accomplish this task, new concepts and developments are necessary. Among those, the Second Skin Facades can play an important role. A simulation using the simulation code Simulink was set up.

This paper assesses the performance of the ventilation system as applied to a typical patient room using Computational Fluid Dynamics technique (CFD) coupled with the calculation of various ventilation indices.