Fiberglass duct interior liners with and without biocides were submitted in an environmental chamber during 15 days to high air humidities, moisture and nutrient. Conclusion is that liners with biocide reduce microbial growth under high humidity as long as they remain dirt free and dry. Impermeable smooth liners show better performance than liners with porous or rough surface.

A big airport hangar for planes (177x37x92 m) was studied using CFD in cold season conditions. Without nozzle jets for air supply, severe temperature stratification occurs. With nozzle jet fans (17 m/s - 11000 m3/h), the average temperature in the occhupied zone is increased of 2 C.

A questionnaire about the perception by HVAC systems designers of indoor air quality problems, already used in the USA in 1993 on a group of 60 designers, was submitted to 32 Polish HVAC designers. Results of both surveys are compared. No big difference appears concerning the perception of the role of ventilation, but Polish designers show less knowledge about other factors having an impact on indoor air quality (emission from building materials, air quality perception,...).

Numerical simulation (CFD code) was used to optimise the design of the ventilation system of a large underground bus terminal complex near Seoul (Korea). The analysis of air flow patterns and parameters such as NOx and CO concentrations (from diesel engines of 19 buses) allowed to suggest and study modifications of design (change in airflow rates and grilles locations). Changes improve indoor air quality as the mean residual life time of contaminated air decreases.

This paper analyses through CFD simulation results the removal effectiveness in an office cooled by a chilled ceiling combined with either mixing or displacement ventilation. For passive pollutant sources, both systems provide similar air quality. For active pollutants and when a large volume of all fresh air is supplied, displacement ventilation has better performance.

This paper presents an analysis of air-to-air total heat exchangers (heat and mass transfer) built up using moisture permeable paper (but impermeable to air molecules). Performance of 6 such total heat exchangers made of different types of paper were tested, in order to know their air leakage ratio and their energy saving ratio. An analysis is presented about the effect of leakage on energy recovery efficiency.

A building energy similation code (ACCURACY) was used to compare indoor humidity in an office room in a hot and humid climate (Hong Kong weather condiitons) equipped either with a conventional constant volume all air system or with a chilled ceiling and a dessicant cooling system. The chilled ceiling and dessicant cooling provide better indoor humidity environment most of the time. The paper gives indications on how to avoid condensation on ceiling panels.

To increase our understanding of the olfactory and trigeminal (i.e., sensory irritation) impact of chemical mixtures we have studied the binary mixture butyl acetate/toluene. First, we measured complete concentration-response (i.e., psychometric) functions for the odor, nasal pungency, and eye irritation detectability of the single chemicals. Second, we selected fixed detectability levels between chance (p=0.0) and perfect (p=1.0) detection (e.g., p=0.6).

In a building with two parts, one with bad indoor air quality, workers have been moved around from one to another and absenteeism rate and causes have been monitored.

The study is a review of 600 articles to determine if indoor environments does influence student performance at school. The study has been extended to other categories (laboratories, offices). No direct relationship has been statistically shown but results suggest a link between ventilation rate and performance, as well as for presence of carpets, pollens or low efficiency filtration.